Irish history

• Partition

  • The north which contained the 6 north easter countries
  • The south which governed the remaining 26-called the free state
• northern ireland


  The northern half of partition covered at people believed Northern Ireland should have eight counties and including Donnegal and Caravan, but they had mainly Catholic citizens
• Southern Ireland


  The southern half of the partition Ireland containing the remaining 26 counties and has a government at the dail in Dublin
• Devolved parliament


  control of areas such as education, health and transport
• Rule of Westminster in the Homerule


  Still responsible for affairs, such as the crime, defence foreign policy and taxation
• Elections in the Home rule

  Would be held for both devolved governments, but there would also be MP sent to Westminster
• viceroy


  A British mp sent to the devolved government to represent Westminster
• council of Ireland 


  The act also established a council of Ireland as a way of achieving a united Ireland at a future point members would have the power to impose policies on the areas of common concern if both parliaments agreed the powers of the council would be increased thus helping to bring reunification
• Government of Ireland act 1920 northern unionist reactions


  Campained against homerule because they feared being dominated by a catholic majority and Dublin parliament they would specifically dislike certain parts of the act including the council of Ireland and it’s aim to eventually reunite Ireland under a Dublin. Parliament accepted it because it would still be part of the UK and common and the by king, and had control over its affairs
• Northern nationalist reaction to the government of Ireland 1920


  Disappointment Ireland did not become independent. They hated the partitioning because they felt isolated in a protestant dominated state during bitter sectarian violence. They didn’t recognise the new state and started a campaign the IRA of the north and referred to Northern Ireland as an orange state
• Southern nationalist reaction to the government of Ireland act 1920


  they played no rule in the negotiations leading to the government of Ireland 1920 because independence was not achieved they oppos the act and didn’t accept partition
• Southern Unionists reactions to the government of Ireland 1920


  They felt betrayed by the British government and northern nationalists because they felt isolated in the new southern state. They were economically politically and physically vulnerable. There was a major rift between northern and southern unionists
• repub termed gov of Ireland act 1920


  the partician act
• Who negotiated the Anglo-Irish treaty 1921

  michael collins
• terms of the Anglo-Irish Treaty 19211. Irish had to accept remaining links with Britan. 1. Oath of allegiance to the British monarch to be sworn

  2. Appointment of an official to represent the monarch in the Irish Free State (Governor General)

  3. Citizens of the Free State have the right to appeal to the British Privy Courts

  4. British navy would have access to certain Irish ports
• The partition of Ireland was a temporary price Collins had to accept
• Collins had helped to persuade them by agreeing to set up a boundary commission
• Boundary commission 


  Examine the location of the border at a future date
• Lloyd george said


  The commis would take land from ni leaving it too small to survive
• 1922-23


  Pro-treaty ira and anti-treaty ira fought a bitter civil war
• 1922


  Michael Collins was assassinated
• De Valera left sinn Fein in 1926


  Established his own party fianna faíl
• The boundary commission didnt meet until 1925


  Few border changes but some land even transferred to ni
• Collins arguments for anglo-Irish treaty 1921


  Stepping stone to end partition, boundary commission, stop war of independence
• De Valera Arguments against the anglo-Irish treaty 1921


  Doesnt want partician, oath to British king, treaty ports, privy council or governor general
• 1932 free state election

  Fianna Faíl won
• De Valera ira


  Legalised the ira then rebanned it in 1936 due to illegal activity
• De Valera dismantling the Anglo-Irish treaty 1932 


  Govern general replaced by a fianna faíl politician
• De Valera dismantling the Anglo-Irish treaty 1933


  Oath or allegiance and privy courts removed
• Start of anhlo-iriah war

  1919
• Irish civil war


  1923
• Boundary commission makes no border changes

  1925
• de valera leaves Sinn Fein

  1926
• De valera enters The dail

  1927
• 1932 governor general recalled


  Replaced with a fianna fail politician and given few powers
• Removal of the oath act

  1933 the dail removed the oath of allegiance
• 1933 privvy council removed 


  Irish people could no longer appeal to the British privvy council
• De Valera used the 1936 abduction crisis in Britain as an excuse so the governor general had no reason to exist and ended


  External relations act 1936
• Constitution act 193


  Removed all reference of the British monarch and governor general from the Constitution
• Bunreacht na hEireann (new Constitution) 1937.


  The king was not mentioned and error was in a Republic in all but name