cells and cell transport

• plant cell

  A) chloroplasts

  B) permanent vacuole

  C) cell wall

  
• animal cell

  A) cytoplasm

  B) ribosomes

  
• mitochondria- site of aerobic respiration, producing the energy needed for cellular functions
• ribosomes- site of protein synthesis
• cell membrane- partially permeable to control movement in and out of the cell
• nucleus- contains genetic information (dna) which controls the cells functions
• cytoplasm - maintains optimum conditions for the cellular organelles
• chloroplasts- contain chlorophyll which is the sight of photosynthesis
• cell wall- made of cellulose and supports the cell and provides strength and rigidity
• vacuole- contains cell sap, helps maintain cell shape and supports cell structure
• bacteria cells are prokaryotic cells, they do not have a nucleus
• yeast cells do not contain chloroplasts and are unable to produce their own food. they have a cell wall
• a root hair cell is are adapted to their function by having a large surface area to increase the rate of absorption of water and minerals
• a sperm cell has many mitochondria so it can use energy from respiration to swim and also a tail to allow them to swim
• diffusion- the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration with the concentration gradient
• osmosis- the movement of water molecules from a high water concentration to a low water concentration. Against the concentration gradient and a passive process
• active transport- the movement of molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration across a semipermeable cell membrane against a concentration gradient. Requires energy