Taxonomy and classification

• classification - the grouping of objects or information based on similarities.
• Taxonomy is the branch of biology that groups and names organisms based on studies of their different characteristics.
• Biologists who study taxonomy are called taxonomists.
• The Greek philosopher Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) developed the first widely accepted system of biological classification.
• He classified all the organisms he knew into two groups: plants and animals.
• Who devised a system for classification? Carolus Linnaeus
• •Carolus Linnaeus (1707 -1778) he is a swedish naturalist.
• Binomial Nomenclature - Standard two-part system for naming things.
• A genus - it consists of a group of similar species.
• what is the plural form of genus?

  Genera
• specific epithet species - sometimes it describes a characteristic of the organism.
• Scientific names should be italicized in print and underlined when handwritten.
• The first letter of the genus name is uppercase, but the first letter of the specific epithet is lowercase.
• Give the 8 taxonomic hierarchies: domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and specific epithet.
• Domain - Eukarya
• Kingdom - animalia
• phylum - chordata
• class - mammalia
• order - carnivora
• family - candidae
• genus - canis
• specific epithet - familiaris
• give me at least 3 kingdom system: Kingdom archaebacteria, kingdom animalia, kingdom eubacteria
• Methanogens - oxygen-free environments like animal intestines.
• halophiles - environment with high concentrations of salt water
• thermoacidophiles - environments of hot, acidic waters where temperatures can reach the boiling point of water.
• How many years does archaebacteria emerge? 3.5 billion years ago
• what are the three major known phyla (groups) : methanogens, halophiles, thermophiles
• the archaebacteria don't like oxygen, love acid, and heat.
• eukarya - it consists of organisms whose cells have a nucleus
• eukarya is a domain of many microorganisms, like fungi, algae, and micro-animals.
• what is methanogens? an anaerobic or aerobic?

  anaerobic
• methanogens produce methane gas.
• the methanosarcina are the only genus of the Methanosarcinaceae family, and of this, Methansoarcina barkeri is considered the representative species.
• Where are halophiles found?

  salt lakes
• halo bacterium is on of the several organisms that can color high salt environments.
• thermophiles love heat
• Thermophiles use sulfur and iron for respiration.
• Ferroplasma acidiphilum is an extremophilic microbe found in iron- and heavy-metal-rich acidic habitats
• Eubacteria is called true bacteria