Business

• Ansoff's Matrix


  Shows the strategies that a firm can use to expand, according to how risky they are
• Assets


  Resources owned by a business
• Balance sheet


  A snapshot of a firm's finances at a particular time
• Barrier to entry


  An obstacle that makes it harder for companies to enter a market
• Benchmarking


  A process by which a company compares its performance with that of high-performing organizations
• Big data


  Large quantities of data that can be collected from different sources
• Blake Mouton Grid


  An analytical tool to assess leadership style based on the level of interest in the people or task
• Boston Matrix


  Analyses all of the firm's products in terms of their market share and the growth of the market
• Bowman's strategic clock


  Shows positioning strategies based on different combinations of price and perceived added value
• Break-even analysis


  A method of determining what sales volume must be reached before total revenue equals total costs
• Budget


  A plan for making and spending money
• Capacity utilisation


  The proportion of total capacity that is used (expressed as a percentage)
• Capital


  A company's wealth in the form of money or property
• Capital expenditures


  Money used to buy fixed assets
• Carroll's Pyramid of CSR

  A diagram showing four elements of CSR as layers in a pyramid
• Cashflow


  The movement of money into and out of a business as goods are bought and sold
• Centralization


  Decision authority is located near the top of the organization
• Channel of distribution


  A pathway to direct products to consumers
• Competitive advantage


  Providing greater value for customers than competitors can
• Confidence interval


  A range in which you can say, with a certain level of confidence, that a value lies
• Confidence level


  The probability that the research findings are correct
• Consumer Price Index


  An index of the cost of all goods and services to a typical consumer
• Contingency plan


  Plan for unexpected problems
• Contribution


  The difference between selling price and variable cost
• Core competencies


  • A unique feature of a business that gives it a competitive advantage
• Corporate objectives


  Objectives that relate to the business as a whole. Usually set by top management.
• CSR (corporate social responsibility)


  A company's contribution to society
• Correlation


  A measure of the relationship between two variables
• cost-push inflation


  rising prices as a result of rising production costs
• Creditors


  Someone who a business owes money to
• Critical path


  The sequence of activities in a project that is expected to take the longest to complete
• Current Ratio


  A liquidity ratio that compares current assets to current liabilities
• Debt Capital


  The capital raised by borrowing
• Debtors


  People who owe money to the business
• Decentralization


  A way to structure a business where decisions are shared across the company
• Decision Trees

  Provides an example of scientific decision making and involves expected outcomes and net gains
• Delayering


  Reducing the number of levels in the hierarchy of an organisation
• Demand-pull inflation


  Higher prices as a result of consumers wanting to buy more goods and services than producers supply
• Demographic change


  Changes in population statistics over time
• Depreciation


  A decrease or loss in value