Metabolic functions and related side effects of glucocorticoids
1. Glucose: ↑gluconeogenesis, ↓ uptake of glucose by the tissues -> hyperglycaemia
2. Protein: ↓ protein synthesis, ↑ protein catabolism -> muscle atrophy (pot-belly appearance)
3. Fat: ↑ lipolysis + fatty liver (contributes to pot-belly appearance)
4. Concentration of urine: antagonist release/effect of ADH
5. Gastrointestinal system: ↑ absorption, gastric acid secretion, reduced/altered gastric mucous -> risk of GI ulcers
6. Skin: cutaneous atrophy -> thin skin, hair changes
7. Calcium: ↑ tissue mobilisation of calcium -> osteoporosis and soft tissue mineralisation