Components of fitness

• Physical Fitness

  • Speed
  • Flexibility
  • Muscular endurance
  • Muscular strength
  • Aerobic endurance
  • Body comp
• Skill-related Fitness

  • Power
  • Agility
  • Coordination
  • Balance
  • Reaction time
• Flexibility:

  Ability to move all your joints through their full range of movements smoothly
• Speed:

  How long it takes for an individual or an object to travel a certain distance, and the faster something moves, the greater its speed.
• Aerobic endurance:

  Measure of how efficiently you are able to keep your muscles supplied with nutrients and oxygen while you are exercising.
• Muscular endurance:

  Ability for muscles to keep contracting for a long time
• Muscular strength:

  Amount of force, measured in kilograms (kg) or Newtons (N), that can be generated by a muscle when it is contracting.
• Body composition:

  
  

  Ratio of fat-free mass, of vital organs, to fat mass.
• Cardiovascular system:

  Responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients around body and removing waste products e.g. CO2

  Made up of heart, blood and blood vessels
• Respiratory system:

  • Responsible for brining oxygen to body
  • Made up of lungs and airways
• Types of body form

  Endomorph

  Ectomorph

  Mesamorph
• Types of speed

  • Accelerative speed - when you start moving faster, seen in sprints of up to 30 metres.
  • Pure speed - maximum speed, seen in sprints of up to 60 metres.
  • Speed endurance, - being able to maintain maximum speed for a period of time, seen during sprints with short recovery periods in between.
• Types of muscular strength:

  • Explosive strength - amount of force that can be done in one quick, powerful contraction, useful in sports such as the javelin and the high jump. Closely linked to power.
  • Dynamic strength - amount of force that can be exerted repeatedly by a muscle, useful when completing sit-ups or when cycling. Closely linked to muscular endurance.
• Power:


  Ability to combine strength with speed and is expressed as the time it takes to perform a task.
• Agility

  Ability of a sports player to move and change direction quickly, precisely and under control.
• Balance:

  Ability to keep the body stable, when still or moving, by keeping the centre of gravity over the base of support.
• Types of balances:

  • A static balance is when little or no movement takes place – for example, during a headstand.
  • A dynamic balance is performed when movement takes place during a balance – for example, during a cartwheel.
• Reaction time:

  The length of time taken for a person or system to respond to given stimulus.
• Co-ordination

  Ability to move two or more parts of the body at the same time efficiently and accurately, while ensuring a smooth flow of movement.