Kines Hip and Pelvic Girdle

• What type of joint is the hip?

  Ball and socket joint
• Pelvic girdle


  Right and left pelvic bone joined together posteriorly by the sacrum
• Pelvic bones


  Ilium

  Ischium

  Pubis
• Sacrum


  extension of the spinal column with five used vertebrae
• Hip Joint


  Most mobile joint

  Multiaxial arrangement

  Bony architecture provides stability

  
• Iliofemoral or Y Ligament


  Located anteriorly

  Prevents hyperextension

  
• Pubofemoral Ligament


  Located anteromedially and inferiorly

  Limits excessive extension and abduction

  
• Teres Ligament


  Attaches from deep in the acetabulum to a depression in femoral head

  Slightly limits adduction

  
• Ischiofemoral Ligament


  Extends from the ischium to the trochanteric fossa of the femur

  Is located posteriorly

  Limits internal rotation

  
• Anterior Pelvic Rotation


  Accomplished by hip flexion or limber extension

  Iliac crest tilts forward in a sagittal plane

  Anterior tilt

  Downward rotation

  
• Posterior Pelvic Rotation


  Accomplished by hip extension/lumber flexion

  Iliac crest tilts backward in a sagittal plane

  Posterior tilt

  Upward rotation

  
• Left Lateral Pelvic Rotation

  Accomplished by left hip abduction, right hip adduction, and/or right lumbar lateral flexion

  Lateral or frontal plane

  
• Left Transverse/Clockwise Pelvic Rotation


  Accomplished by right hip external rotation, left hip internal rotation, and/or right lumber rotation

  Transverse plane

  
• Hip flexion


  Movement of the anterior femur toward the anterior pelvis

  
• Hip Extension


  Movement of the posterior femur straight away from the pelvis

  
• Hip Abduction


  Movement of the femur laterally to the side away from the midline

  
• Hip Adduction


  Movement of the femur medially toward the midline

  
• Hip External Rotation


  Rotary movement of the femur laterally around its longitudinal axis away from the midline

  Lateral rotation

  
• Hip Internal Rotation


  Rotary movement of the femur medially around its longitudinal axis toward the midline

  Medial rotation

  
• Hip Diagonal Abduction


  Movement of the femur in a diagonal plane away from the midline of the body

  
• Hip Diagonal Adduction


  Movement of the femur in a diagonal plane toward the midline of the body

  
• Primary Hip Flexors

  Iliopsoas

  Pectineus

  Rectus Femoris

  Sartorius

  Adductor Brevis (weak)
• Sartorius Muscle

  Flexion of hip

  Flexion of knee

  External Rotation of thigh as it flexes hip and knee

  Abduction of hip

  Anterior pelvic rotation

  Weak internal rotation of knee

  
• Rectus Femoris

  Flexion of hip

  Extension of knee

  Anterior Pelvic Rotation

  
• Pectineus Muscle

  Flexion of hip

  Adduction of hip

  External rotation of hip

  Anterior pelvic rotation

  
• Iliopsoas

  Flexes the hip

  Acts on hip joint

  
• Primary Hip Adduction (medial)

  Adductor brevis

  Adductor longus

  Adductor magnus

  Gracilis
• Adductor Brevis Muscle

  Adduction of hip

  External rotation as it adducts hip

  Assists in flexion of hip

  Assists in anterior pelvic rotation

  
• Adductor Longus Muscle

  Adduction of hip

  External rotation as it adducts hip

  Assists in flexion of hip

  Assists in anterior pelvic rotation

  
• Adductor Magnus Muscle

  Adduction of hip

  External Rotation as hip adducts

  Extension of hip

  
• Gracilis Muscle

  Adduction of hip

  Weak flexion of knee

  Internal rotation of hip

  Assists with flexion of hip

  Weak internal rotation of knee

  
• Primary Hip Extensors (posterior)

  Gluteus maximus

  Biceps femoris

  Semitendinosus

  Semimembranosus

  External Rotators

  
• Semitendinosus Muscle

  Flexion of knee

  Extension of hip

  Internal rotation of hip

  Internal rotation of flexed knee

  Posterior pelvic rotation

  
• Semimembranosus Muscle

  Flexion of the knee

  Extension of the hip

  Internal rotation of the hip

  Internal rotation of the flexed knee

  Posterior pelvic rotation

  
• Bicep Femoris Muscle


  Flexion of the knee

  Extension of the hip

  External rotation of the hip

  External rotation of the flexed knee

  Posterior pelvic rotation

  
• Gluteus Maximus Muscle

  Extension of the hip

  External rotation of hip

  Upper fibers assist in abduction

  Lower fibers assist in adduction

  Posterior pelvic rotation

  
• Hip External Rotators

  Gluteus maximus

  Six deep external rotators

  
• Hip Internal Rotators

  Gluteus minimus

  Gluteus medius

  Tensor fasciae latae

  
• Hip Abductors

  Gluteus medius

  Tensor fasciae latae

  Gluteus maximus

  Gluteus minimus

  
• Anterior Pelvic Rotation


  Accomplished by hip flexion or limber extension

  Iliac crest tilts forward in a sagittal plane

  Anterior tilt

  Downward rotation