chapter 3

• old public health 


  refer to an approach to health that was developed at the beginning of the 20th century that involved improving the safety of the physical environment and developing public health programs to prevent communicable disease
• old public health polices

  • improving the quality of housing
  • develop sewage systems
  • enforce safer working conditions
  • ensure births were hygienic
  • delivering vaccines to a significant portion of population to reduce the incidence of infectious and respiratory diseases
• vaccines developed by old public health

  • tetanus
  • whooping chough
  • measles
• biomedical approach to health 


  focuses on the biological causes of illness and disease in order to treat symptoms once they are displayed by a patient as well as cure diseases
• improvement to healthcare as a part of the biomedical model of health

  • Xray
  • antibiotics
  • MRI
• biomedical model of health advantages

  • accounts for people who have already developed illness or disease
  • reduce pain for people living with chronic health conditions
• biomedical model of health disadvantages

  • expensive
  • waste healthcare resources as illness could have been prevented
  • cant treat certain disease
  • doesn't encourage positive health behaviors
• new public health 


  refers to a contemporary approach to public health that involves preventing diseases from occurring through promoting behavioral and lifestyle changes
• when was the old public health and new public health 


  1900-1970 old

  1970 + new
• social model of health 


  focusses on the broader factors that impact health including lifestyle and socioeconomic factor, in order to prevent the development of disease that are influenced by behavior
• social model of health principles

  • acts to enable access to healthcare
  • acts to reduce social inequalities
  • involves intersectoral collaboration
• Ottawa charter strategies for health promotion

  • advocate
  • medicate
  • enable
• Ottawa charter strategies for health promotion advocate 


  refers to using health promotion to express the benefits of health and wellbeing on quality of life to an individual and community
• Ottawa charter strategies for health promotion medicate 


  refers to ensuring that different sectors all share the responsibility of delivering health promotion and ensuring that all conflict between sectors are resolved
• Ottawa charter strategies for health promotion enable 


  refers to using health promotion campaign to reduce differences in health status
• Ottawa action areas

  • build healthy public policy
  • create supportive environment
  • strengthen community action
  • develop personal skills
  • reorient health services
• build healthy public policy 


  refers to removing financial or social barriers in order to implement rules and legislation that promote health and wellbeing
• create supportive environment 


  refers to ensuring that the natural environment , social environment, and infrastructure is safe for the implementation of health promotion
• strengthen community action 


  refers to motivating the community to develop and implement health promotion campaign to address the most pressing issues that they face
• develop personal skills 


  refers to delivering health promotion that provides people with recourses that they can use to take control of and improve their own health and wellbeing
• reorient health services 


  refers to shifting the focus from a biomedical model of health that involves diagnosing and treating illness and disease to using health promotion to prevent the development of illness and disease altogether