Large sheets of paper, usually on a tripod, to be used with thick and differently colored marking pens
Flip charts
Presentideas
Record input, feedback and ideas from audience
Draft reports
Flip charts
Prepared in advance
Shown for reference
Colored pens help make key points
Inexpensive; portable
Facilitates note taking/brainstorming
Audience involvement
Used with normal room lighting
Can be hung on the wall
Flip charts
Too small for large groups
Tendency to write too small
Paper may tear/markers bleed
Easily overused
Need wall space to hang
Flannel boards
Piece of soft board covered by cloth with adhesive graphics
Flannel boards
Simple; light to carry
Interesting and good for any syllabus structure
Dynamic
Used for all students
Recyclable
Easy to adhere
Attention-grabber
Flannel boards
Transportation
Suitable table
Time and cost
Complete story = board space
Small details not seen
Requires ingenuity and imagination
Attractive materials
Film strips
Spooled roll of 35mm positive film with approximately30-50 images arranged sequentially
Film strips
With/without cassette tapes
Discussion film strip
Continuous strip of film consisting of individual frames arranged in sequence usually with explanatory titles
Sound slide film
Similar to discussion film strip but with recorded explanation
Film strips
Compact, easily handled, in proper sequence
With recordings
Inexpensive
Useful for group/individual
With simple lightweight equipment
Film strips
Limited in terms of interactivity and engagement
Pre-recorded and cannot easily modified during a session based on audience feedback or questions
Bulletin boards
Surface intended for the posting of publicmessages
Usesofbulletinboards
Provide info
Learning center
Build interest
Motivation
Interaction
Review
Advantages of bulletin boards
Info
Sense of community
Fostering inspiration
Efficiency
Disadvantages of bulletin boards
Distraction to attention
Fairness
Clutter and confusion
Not very green
Exhibit
An array of cues purposely brought together within defined boundaries for a desired effect
Exhibit
Putting up of work for showing to people
Advantages of exhibits
Does things + sense of involvement
Sense of accomplishment and achievement
Develop social skills
Couple info with pleasure
Foster creativity
Disadvantages of exhibits
Requires thorough preparation
Time-consuming
Requires funds/budget
Poster
Graphicaids with short, quick and typical message with attention-capturing paintings
Uses of posters
Provide general motivation
Create esthetic or atmospheric effect
Communicate a more general idea
Thrust message for leading to action
Features of posters
Brevity
Simplicity
Idea
Color
Display
Advantages of posters
Attracts attention
Conveys very quickly
No detailed study
Leads to action if good
Standalone and self-explanatory
Disadvantages of posters
Not enough info
Maintain dynamism
CAI (ComputerAssistedInstruction)
Program of instructional material presented by means of a computer or computer systems
Uses of CAI
Provides straightforward presentation of data
Fill tutorial role in which student is tested on comprehension
Types of CAI
Drill
Tutorial
Games
Simulation
Advantages of CAI
One-to-one interaction
Useful in drills
Diagnose student's level
Great motivation
Freedom to experiment on options
Multi-sensory
Self-pacing
Disadvantages of CAI
Costly
Less human interaction
Unavailability & development of software
Overwhelming info and resources
Overuse of multimedia
Lack of infrastructure
Internet
A networkofnetworks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies
Virtual reality
The computer-generatedsimulation of a three-dimensional image or environment that can be interacted with in a seemingly real or physical way by a person using special electronic equipment, such as a helmet with a screen inside or gloves fitted with sensors
Advantages of virtual reality
View competency of learners
Simulate equipment response
Fun and interesting
Easier complex situation
Safe environment
Alternative for large and expensive trainings
Disadvantages of virtual reality
Not perfect yet
Costly
Social isolation
Desensitization
Interactive TV class
Replicates a traditional classroom experience with one unique exception: the "classroom" can consist of individuals or groups in up to three separate locations. Done through a two-way broadcast, providing live, interactive communication among the instructor and students regardless of location.
Advantages of interactive TV class
Provides access to education in remote locations
Enables large numbers of students to be taught simultaneously by one instructor
Students can become linked with others
Allows for "real time"
Supports the use of diverse media
Disadvantages of interactive TV class
Costly
AV difficulties
Amplifies poor teaching styles
Instructors devote greater effort to prepare instruction