SCI: FINALS

• Friction


  Force that resists the motion of an object and opposes the tendency of motion in a body
• Net force


  Vector sum of all forces acting on a body that can change an object's state of motion
• Static friction


  Impedes the motion of two objects that are in contact
• The velocity of sound if the temperature is 0 degree Celsius is 331.5 m/s
• 3 Laws of Motion


  • Law of Inertia
  • Law of Acceleration
  • Law of Interaction
• Law of Inertia


  Body at rest will remain at rest, bodies in motion will continue to move unless acted upon by an unbalanced force
• Law of Acceleration


  Acceleration is directly proportional to force, acceleration is inversely proportional to mass
• Law of Interaction


  For every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction
• Energy


  Ability to do work
• Kinetic energy


  Energy with respect to motion
• Work


  Force multiplied to distance
• Power


  Ratio between work and time
• Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position
• Violet is color of visible light that has the highest frequency

  
• Heat energy


  Flows from a body of higher temperature to a body of lower temperature
• Temperature


  Average kinetic energy of a particle
• Ohm's law


  Current is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance
• In series connection, current flows in one loop
• The total resistance is equal to the sum of separate resistance
• The total voltage is the sum of the separate voltages added together
• The current passing through each resistance is the same
• Parallel connection


  An electric circuit in which two or more components are connected across a common point in the circuit so as to provide separate conducting paths for the current
• The total current is equal to the sum of the currents in the separate branch
• The total voltage is the same for each separate branch
• The reciprocal of the total resistance is equal to the sum of the reciprocals of the separate resistance
• Circuit breaker and fuse


  Electrical safety device that interrupts the current flow when too much current passes through the wire
• Circuit breakers is used to protect electrical circuits from overcurrent and prevent damage to the wiring and appliances
• Fault


  A fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock that moves against each other because of force
• Asthenosphere


  The liquid and viscous layer of the mantle
• Dip-slip fault


  • Involves the vertical movements of blocks of rocks
• Reverse fault


  • Hanging wall moves up relative to footwall
• Normal fault


  • Hanging wall moves down relative to footwall
• Right-lateral strike-slip fault


  • A block of rock moves to the right
• Hypocenter or focus


  The origin of an earthquake vibration or seismic wave that travels outward

  
• S waves or Surface waves


  • Displace rocks at a right angle to the direction they are travelling

  
• P waves or Primary waves


  • The first waves to arrive at a seismograph, can move through solid, liquid, or gas, leave behind a trail of compressions and rarefactions

  
• Warm air mass

  The mass of air that is warmer than the surface over which it moves
• Warm front

  The transition zone where a warm air mass is replacing a cold air mass
• Fronts

  The boundary of two air masses of different temperature

  
• Weather disturbances

  Usually occur along the boundaries between two air masses of different properties