selective breeding and genetic engineering

• describe selective breeding

  breeding of plants or animals for particular genetic characteristics
• give examples of selective breeding

  • disease resistant crops
  • higher producing meat and milk
  • domestic dogs
  • large or unusual flowers
• describe process of selective breeding

  1. select individuals with desired characteristic
  2. breed together
  3. select offspring with desired characteristic
  4. breed together
  5. process repeats
• give disadvantages of selective breeding

  • reduce gene pool
  • reduce variation
  • lead to inbreeding
• describe genetic engineering

  transfer of gene responsible for desirable characteristic between organisms
• describe process of genetic engineering

  1. isolate desirable gene with enzyme
  2. insert gene into vector
  3. introduce vector to organism
  4. desirable gene inserted into organism cells
• describe gene therapy

  replacing faulty genes with healthy genes to treat inherited disorders
• give examples of genetic engineering

  • gene therapy
  • insulin producing bacteria
  • resistant crops
  • increased yield of crops