Psychology biopsych

• Neuron


  Function and structure
• Neuron


  • Cell body contains genetic material
  • Branch-like dendrites extend from the cell body
• Dendrites


  1. Carry functional information towards the cell body

  2. Receive information from other neurons
• Axons


  • Carry messages away from the cell body
  • Myelin sheath increases the speed of nerve transmission
• Terminal boutons


  • At the end of axons
  • Make synaptic connections with other cells
• Axon terminals


  Contain neurotransmitters
• Neurons enable communication with the nervous system
• There are three types of neurons: sensory (afferent), motor (efferent), and interneuron.
• Neurons are specialized cells that transmit information throughout the nervous system.
• Sensory neurons carry signals to the central nervous system, while motor neurons carry signals outward from the CNS.
• Sensory neurons carry signals to the central nervous system, while motor neurons carry signals from the CNS to muscles or glands.
• The human nervous system is divided into two main divisions: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
• The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary functions like heart rate, breathing, digestion, and blood pressure.
• The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements through skeletal muscle contractions.
• The sympathetic division prepares the body for action by increasing heart rate, dilating pupils, and releasing adrenaline.