religion2

•  which teaches that everyone in life is suffering in some way.

  Suffering (dukkha)
•  This states that all suffering comes from desire (tanhā). 

  Origin of suffering (samudāya).
• and it says that it is possible to stop suffering and achieve enlightenment. 


  Cessation of suffering (nirodha)
•  is about the Middle Way, which is the steps to achieve enlightenment. Buddhists believe in a wheel of rebirth into different bodies. This is connected to “karma,” which refers to how a person’s good or bad actions in the past or in their past lives can impact them in the future. 


  Path to the cessation of suffering (magga
• • Rebirth is regarded as an ongoing process to be escaped from in the search for liberation.
  • Rebirth is determined by one's own mind, particularly one's ethical choices. 
  • The practice of Buddhism aims at ending rebirth.

  three main principles of rebirth in early Buddhism.
• 3 most fundamental characteristics of existence for the Buddha

  Theory of Existence
• (constant change); 


  radical impermanence
• no self)


  lack of a solid self
• suffering).


  unsatisfactoriness
• the term which denotes this moral law of cause and effect

  Karma
• the idea that there is nothing solid or permanent about reality also applies to the self. There is no self. (anatma or no atman.)


  Theory of Human Nature
•  The idea of the separate ego is an expression of the 5 attachments or components


  (skandas)that make up what we call a person.
• the body and its sense organs

   form
• the physiological process produced by the contact of senses and the world [eyes see objects; ears hear sounds]

  ) sensations
• sensations that lead to object recognition [What I feel is a table]

   perception
• our predispositions, attitudes, tendencies, habits, and karma [states of mind like conceit, impatience, humility, wisdom, etc.]


  mental formations
•  consciousness


  not only does one sense and perceive something one becomes aware of something; consciousness is awareness
• These three deities are known as 


  rigs gsum mgon po" or Lords of the three enlightened families or groups,
•  the three families 


   vajra family, the Tathāgata (Buddha) family, and the padma (lotus) family.
• They are also known as the 'three Bodhisattvas of the heart'


   vajra family, the Tathāgata (Buddha) family, and the padma (lotus) family.
•  represent power


  (nus pa),
•  discernment


  (śes rab)
•  compassion

   (sñiṅ rje) 
•  His outstretched right hand forms the fascination gesture and holds a vajra (thunderbolt), his left hand forms the preaching gesture, with his little finger extended, while the middle and ring fingers are bent. 


  Vajrapāṇi.
• The serpent in his head dress wears a crown and may represent the 


  nāga (snake spirit) king.
• At the bottom lefthand side is a yellow

  whose left hand forms the preaching gesture, with index and middle finger crossed. Above his left shoulder is a book on a lotus flower from which spring either two lotus blossoms or two pieces of myrobalan fruit. His right hand lifts the sword of wisdom or discernment, and he is seated in meditation posture 

  Mañjuśrī
• At the bottom righthand side is a white four-handed the deity of compassion and charity. His top right hand holds a rosary, his top left hand a white lotus flower. His lower hands form the karuṇā mudrā (compassion gesture) which is like the namaskāra mudrā (prayer gesture) but with only the fingertips touching. His legs are in meditation posture

   Avalokiteśvara,
• There are three main schools of Buddhism:

  Mahayana, Theravada, and Vajrayana.
• is common in China, Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea. It emphasizes the role models of bodhisattvas (beings that have achieved enlightenment but return to teach humans).

  Mahayana Buddhism
• is common in Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, and Burma (Myanmar). It emphasizes a monastic lifestyle and meditation as the way to enlightenment. 


  Theravada Buddhism
•  is the major school of Buddhism in the region of Tibet and in Nepal, Bhutan, and Mongolia. It offers followers a faster path to enlightenment than Mahayana or Theravada. 

  Vajrayana
• an accurate understanding of the nature of things, specifically the Four Noble Truths.

  Correct view,
• avoiding thoughts of attachment, hatred, and harmful intent.

  2. Correct intention,
• refraining from verbal misdeeds such as lying, divisive speech, harsh speech, and

  senseless speech.

  Correct speech,
• refraining from physical misdeeds such as killing, stealing, and sexual misconduct.

  Correct action,
• avoiding trades that directly or indirectly harm others, such as selling slaves,

  weapons, animals for slaughter, intoxicants, or poisons.

  Correct livelihood,
• abandoning negative states of mind that have already arisen, preventing negative

  states that have yet to arise, and sustaining positive states that have already arisen.


  Correct effort,
• awareness of body, feelings, thought, and phenomena (the constituents of the

  existing world).

  Correct mindfulness,
• single-mindedness.


  8. Correct concentration,