Memory

• Sensory register: duration (very quick), capacity (unlimited), coding (specific to each sense),
• Short-term memory: Duration (30 seconds), capacity ( 7+-2), coding (acoustically)
• Long-term memory: Duration (unlimited), capacity (unlimited), coding (semantically)
• Procedural memory is implicit, non-declarative information which store knowledge of how to perform an action, Semantic memory is explicit and declarative is factual knowledge, Episodic memory is explicit and declarative and is personal memory of events
• HM: could make new procedural memory but not episodic and semantic.
• Peterson and Peterson: use
• Peterson and Peterson: used trigrams to investigate the duration of the STM, they found that as time intervals between recall increased, fewer trigrams were recalled accurately, participants had to count backwards from a random number to ensure that they didn't rehearse trigrams. Decay causes the fading of information from the STM
• Bahrick: tested the duration of the STM by asking participants to recall the names of ex-classmates, overall he found the through the years recognition was more accurate then active recall.
• Capacity of the STM: can be increased by using chunking, a method where you bundle digits or letters together.
• The phonological loop: consists of the phonological store and the articulatory process. Phonological store stores words recently heard, articulatory process keeps information in the WMM through maintenance rehearsal around 2 seconds. Found the capacity of the PL is set by the duration of words and not the number of words (Baddley)
• Visuo-spatial sketchpad: looks visual and spatial information. Seperated into the visual cache (store visual information- form and colour) and the inner scribe (store spatial information)
• KF: support for separate stores for LTM and STM, further support for WMM as his VSS was unaffected by injury but the PL was affected.
• -Limitations of the WMM: still issues with the CE, lacks ecological validity, lack of generalisability, leaves questions about the LTM
• proactive interference when old information hinders the recall of newly learned information. Retroactive interference when new information hinders the recall of old information.