Chem 2

• Nutrients produced from food digestion


  Used by the body to produce energy (oxidation) and to form new molecules (assimilation)
• Nutritional Requirements


  • Energy Requirements
  • Growth Requirements
• Energy Requirements


  Provided by the energy released from the oxidation reaction of lipids, carbs, and proteins (partly from proteins)
• Growth Requirements


  Provided mainly by the assimilation reaction of amino acids in order to produce new body proteins
• 1g of carbohydrates provides 17 KJ of energy
• 1g of lipids provides 38 KJ of energy
• 1g of proteins provides 17 KJ of energy
• Anabolic Reactions


  Small molecules are assembled into large ones. Energy is required.
• Catabolic Reactions

  Large molecules are broken down into small ones. Energy is released.
• Anabolic Reactions


  • Formation of sucrose
  • Synthesis of proteins
• Catabolic Reactions


  • Digestion (hydrolysis reactions)
  • Oxidation reactions
• Metabolism

  The summation of the anabolic and catabolic reactions that occur simultaneously in the body
• Energy Production from Carbohydrates

  1. Carbohydrates

  Digestion

  2.Monosaccharides

  Oxidation

  3. CO2 + H2O+ Energy
• Energy Production from Lipids

  1. Lipids

  Digestion

  2.Fatty Acids + Glycerol

  Oxidation

  3.CO2 + H2O+ Energy
• Metabolic reactions that take place after the digestion of proteins

  1. Catabolic Reaction: Food Proteins

  Digestion

  2. Amino Acids

  Oxidation

  3.CO2 + H2O+ Energy
• Metabolic reactions that take place after the digestion of proteins

  1. Anabolic Reaction: Food Proteins

  (Digestion)

  2.Amino acids (Assimilation)

  3.New Proteins