impact of immigration in the family

• 1.2 million people immigrated into the UK in 2022
• 557,000 people emigrated from the UK
• Net Migration - 606,000
• Reasons people come to the UK in 2022


  • Study (39% of non EU immigrants)
  • Work (25% of non EU immigrants)
  • Humanitarian Routes (19% - ukraine scheme)
  • Claiming Asylum (8% of immigrants)
• Population size is increasing

  Because net migration is increasing
• If it were not for high net migration


  The UK population would be shrinking due to the low birth rates
• Age Structure Changes


  • Immigration lowers the average age of the population both directly and indirectly
  • Directly because immigrants tend to be younger by 10 years than the British born population
  • Indirectly because immigrant women have a high fertility ratio - they have more babies than British born women
• Dependency ratio changes


  • Immigrants are more likely to be of working age and this thus helps lower the dependency ratio
  • Immigrants have more children and so the immigrants children add to the dependent population
  • A longer group is settled in the country - the closer their fertility rate comes to the national average, reducing their distinct impact on the dependency ratio
• Many initial immigrants are single men - working leads to singletons
• Asian families work and live - culture based on extended families
• Black - mainly nuclear, some extended (cultural reasons), also some single parent families (often female)