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• Information Age

  • Also called the Digital Age and the New Media Age because it was associated with the development of computers 
  • Before the rise of computer information was disseminated using print out materials.
  • Movable-Type Printing was introduced in Europe and established the Gutenberg Era. 
  • Johannes Gutenberg was a German inventor, printer, publisher and goldsmith invented the movable-type printing 
  • The use of movable-type printing was a marked improvement on the handwritten manuscript, which was the existing method of book production in Europe.
• The Pre-Gutenberg Era 

  • Books were written and produced by hand 
  • They were in surfaces of clay, wax, papyrus and parchment 
  • Books and other reading materials were restricted only to elite group of people 
  • Word-of-mouth channels were used to relay information to others 
• Gutenberg Revolution 

  • It began with the introduction of movable-type printing 
  • Gutenberg principle existed in such a way that the information could be passed on to every individual, but the access was expensive 
  • The printing press makes it possible to reproduce books and other texts in more significant numbers, quickly, reliable and cheaply 
  • Most of the books that were printed were that of religious texts spreading the meaning of Christianity.
• The Post-Gutenberg World • 

  • Typewriter, photocopier, printer, scanner and computer machine preceded the printing press 
  • 19th Century, sparked the starting of a continued wave of inventions including telecommunication, electric telegraph. This devices permitted the sending and receiving information over long distances 
  • First telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell 
  • Radios and televisions were becoming a great source of knowledge in the early 1900s
• Computer 

  • Invented by Charles Babbage 
  • A machine that can be programmed to accept data (input), process it into useful information (output), and store it away (in secondary storage device) for safekeeping or later reuse 
  • Process is directed by software but performed by the hardware
• Types of Computer 

  1. Personal Computer (PC) 

  2. Desktop Computer 

  3. Laptop 

  4. Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) 

  5. Server 

  6. Mainframe 

  7. Wearable Computer
• The Internet 

  • Created by Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn in California, USA in the late 1960s - 
  • Internet is a worldwide system of interconnected networks that facilitate data transmission among innumerable computers 
  • Internet was used mainly by scientists to communicate with other scientists; it remained under government control until 1984. 
  • One early problem faced by Internet users was speed. The development of fiber-optic cables allowed for billions of bits of information to be received every minute.
• World Wide Web (www.) 

  •  Discovered by Sir Tim Berners-Lee 
  •  Started in 1990s for commercial purposes 
  • List of various websites that can access through the Internet 
  • Website is composed of text, photos, and other related sources
  • The World Wide Web has been central to the development of the Information Age and is the primary tool billions of people use to interact on the Internet. 
  • When you have linked to the Internet, you can use an application called web browser to view and access websites.
• Electronic Mail or E-mail  

  • The discovery of E-mail was controversially claimed by V.A Shiva Ayyadurai, an Indian-American engineer, politician entrepreneur and promoter of conspiracy theories. He started building the system in 1978 when he was 14 years old. 
  • The copyright for the term E-mail was granted to him in 1982. 
  • It is a means to communicate with other people in any part of the world
• SOCIAL MEDIA - let people share and create communities online in several ways.
• Facebook

  • Founded by Mark Zuckerberg together with fellow students in Harvard College and launched on February 4, 2004  
  • Facebook is a social networking website where people contact one another and meet online to share each other’s ideas, data, photos, and videos.  
  • It can also an avenue to transact business and could be a source of games and incomes.  
  • Around 3.06 billion MAUs (monthly active users)
• Messenger

  • Introduced in the year 2008 as facebook chat but become an independent app in 2010 as Messenger  
  • This application lets you send messages and exchange photos, videos, stickers, audio, and files, as well as react to user’s messages and do interactions.
• WhatsApp 

  • is an instant messaging and voice-over-IP service owned by technology conglomerate Meta. It allows users to sendtext, voice messages and video messages, make voice and video calls, and share images, documents, user locations, and other content. Around 2.78 billion MAUs.  
  • The service was created by WhatsApp Inc. of Mountain View, California, which was acquired by Facebook in February 2014 for approximately US$19.3 billion
• Youtube

  • Founded by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley and Jawed Karim in February 2005  
  • It is an American online video sharing and social media platform and considered as the largest destination and the 3 rd most visited website. Around 2.70 billion MAUs. 
  • YouTube allows users to upload, view, rate, share, report, comment on videos, and subscribe to other users.  
  • It offers extra income to all. Content creator/YouTubers get paid from Google AdSense, a program which targets ads according to site content and audience
• Instagram

  • The Top 4 Social media sites in 2024 next to Youtube. Around 2.35 billion MAUs  
  • American photo and video sharing social networking service created by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger. In April 2012, Facebook acquired.  
  • It is a photo and video social media app that allows users to share a wide range of content such as photos, videos, stories and live videos.
• Tiktok

  • With over 1.67 billion users worldwide, TikTok ranked 5 th on the most popular social media sites now (2024)  
  • Users can record videos up to 60 seconds, edit them and add music and special effect making them as the most downloaded app in the 1st quarter of 2018  
  • It is a Chinese video-sharing social networking service owned by ByteDance.
• Google

  • Developed by Larry Page and Sergey Brin as research project in September 1996 while they were both PhD students in Stanford University  
  • The domain google.com was registered on September 15, 1997 and become the most used web-based search engine.  
  • Yahoo is one of the great competitors of Google
• Google Classroom

  •  Is a free school we service to simplify the creation, delivery, and grading of assignments.  
  • Its primary goal is to streamline the file sharing process between teachers and students
• SOCIAL MEDIA AND THEIR EFFECT ON SOCIETY 

  1. Socializing 

  2. Business 

  3. Politics 

  4. Work recruitment 

  5. Education 

  6. Save time and money
• DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA: 

  1. One’s privacy risk impersonations, fraud, and stalking. 

  2. Addiction 

  3. Cyberbullying 

  4. Spreading of “FAKE NEWS”
• Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012


  A law in the Philippines that was approved on September 12, 2012 to address legal issues concerning online interactions and the Internet
• Cybercrime offenses included in the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012


  • Cybersquatting
  • Cybersex
  • Child pornography
  • Identity theft
  • Illegal access to data
  • Libel
• While the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 was hailed for penalizing illegal acts done via the Internet


  It has been criticized for its provision on criminalizing libel, which is perceived to be a curtailment of the freedom of expression—"cyber authoritarianism"
• The use of the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 against journalists like Maria Ressa, of Rappler, has drawn international condemnation
• The Supreme Court of the Philippines issued a temporary restraining order, stopping implementation of the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 for 120 days


  October 9, 2012
• The Supreme Court extended the temporary restraining order on the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 "until further orders from the court"


  February 5, 2013
• The Supreme Court upheld most of the sections of the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012, including the controversial cyberlibel component


  February 18, 2014