RWS 1

• Text


  Anything that conveys a set of meanings to the person who examines it
• Being a critical reader


  • Involves understanding that a text is usually developed with a certain context
  • A text is neither written nor read in a vacuum; its meaning and interpretation are affected by a given set of circumstances
• Context


  The social, cultural, political, historical, and other related circumstances that surround the text and from the terms from which it can be better understood and evaluated
• Discovering a text's context

  1. When was the work written?

  2. What were the circumstances that produced it?

  3. What issues deal with it?
• Hypertext

  • A nonlinear way of showing information
  • A text which contains links to other texts
  • A reading environment that is based on the internet
  • Allows people to shift to different texts as fast as the internet loading speeds allow
  • Connects topics on a screen to related information, graphics, videos, and music
• Node


  Chunks of content or web page
• Hypertext


  • Consists of a network of nodes and logical links between nodes
  • The variety of nodes and links make hypertext a flexible structure in which information can be provided by what is stored in nodes and links to each node
• Hypertext retrieval systems


  Products of emerging technology that specifies alternative approach to the retrieval of information from web
• Two structures of hypertext documents


  • The structure of a website - the way documents are connected and can be navigated
  • The structure of a single document - an online document can correspond to a whole book, or just a footnote
• Things to remember in the structures of hypertext


  • Be search-engine friendly
  • Have the reader's attention
  • Don't use image maps as the sole means of navigation
  • Keep the technical details out of sight
• Intertext


  • The shaping of a text's meaning by another text
  • The connections between language, images, characters, themes, or subjects depending on their similarities in language, genre, or discourse
  • The text is always influenced by previous texts
• Types of Intertext


  • Obligatory Intertext - the writer deliberately involves a comparison or association between two or more text
  • Optional Intertext - it is possible to find a connection to multiple texts of a single phrase or no connection at all, the intent of the writer is to pay homage to the original writers
  • Accidental Intertext - readers often connect a text with another text, cultural practice, or a personal experience, without there being any tangible anchor point within the original text
• Ways in which Intertext occurs


  • Retelling - the author restates what the other texts contain
  • Allusion - a statement that directly or indirectly refers to an idea or passage in another text without quoting the text
  • Quotation - the author directly lifts a string of words from another text
  • Pastiche - a text written in a way that imitates the style or other properties of another text, without mocking the text, as a parody
  • Parody - a piece of writing that uses many of the same elements of another but does it in a new and funny way