ethnicity&attainment external factors-education

• What are the two main out of school factors?

  Material Factors and Cultural Factors.
• Who did research into material factors?

  Platt
• What they find?

  He found the highest pay rate was the Chinese and the lowest was Pakistani and Bangladeshi
• How does this relate to education?

  These pay rates were reflected in their education attainment so suggest this may be due to higher income.
• However?

  Afro Caribbean's would be expected to perform better as they do not have the lowest income.
• What can also be explored through free school meals?

  Attainment as those who have free school meals do worse than those who do not within the same ethnic group suggesting income is a factor.
• What is also a key factor in the attainment?

  Cultural Factors
• What should not be assumed?

  That all members of an ethnic group share exactly the same culture and that there may be differences between boys and girls within a group.
• How do we know this?

  Chinese pupils tend to do the best out of all ethnic groups which may be due to the support their families give them.
• What is the first factor within cultural factors?

  Parental expectations
• How does Archer and Francis support this?

  They found that parents of Chinese pupils placed an exceptionally high value on education.
• Who else researched into parental expectations?

  Strand
• What did Strand research?

  Strand researched the 2004 Longitudinal studies of young people and found Indian students out of all ethnic groups are most likely to do work 5 evening a week and their parents are the most aware of their whereabouts.
• Why is this important?

  Their parents involvement in their lives may be the reason for their educational success.
• Who looked into the cultural factors of educational achievement for British Asians?

  Basit
• What did Basit find?

  That the three generations she studied all placed high value on education so tended to put considerable effort into helping their children.
• How was this proven?

  Even the relatively poor parents found money for desks and resources their children would need to succeed.
• Why was this education important to them?

  Many of the parents gained middle class jobs so expected their children do the same.
• What did Connor et al find that criticised cultural factors?

  He found that although black african don;t do very well, the year 13's planning on going through with higher education had the strongest positive attitudes about education and their family encouragement was very strong.
• What is the other cultural factor that could affect attainment?

  Family Structures
• Who researched into lone parent households?

  Sewell
• What did he argue?

  Based off 11-16 year olds in a London school - he claims having only a mother means some boys lack the father role model and discipline.
• What may this result in?

  They may be attracted to gangs who encourage aggressive and macho forms of masculinity so therefor don't value authority.
• Why does this effect educational attainment?

  This usually leads to them lacking in values for education and concern for academic achievement.
• However?

  This only effects a minority of BA pupils.
• Who else supported Sewells argument of lone parent households?

  The New Right
• What do the New Right say?

  That afro caribbean families to to be single parent so therefore fault to provide home environment which is conducive for learning.