the heart

• which side the heart pumps deoxygenated blood to lungs?

  the right side of the heart
• name the blood vessel which carries blood into the right atrium of the heart.

  vena cava
• what is the function of values in the heart?


  values stop the blood from flowing backwards
• describe the route the blood from the lungs takes through the heart.

  oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the left atrium through the pulmonary vein. it is then pushed into the left ventricle, then leaves the heart via the aorta
• oskar has a blocked blood vessel which is preventing oxygenated blood from getting to his heart muscle. suggest which type of blood vessel is blocked.

  a coronary artery may be blocked.
• how could a doctor help with irregular heartbeat?

  • doctor can implant an artificial pacemaker under the skin with a wire going to the heart
  • this produces an electric current to keep the heart beating regularly
• what is the aorta?


  receives oxygenated blood from the left ventricle and sends it to the body.
• what does the pulmonary artery do?

  Carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
• what do pulmonary veins do?

  Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium of the heart.
• what does the left atrium do?


  Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through he four pulmonary veins.
• what does the right atrium do?

  the right upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the vena cava
• what does the left ventricle do?

  receives oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium in the lower left
• what does the right ventricle do?

  pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs in the bottom right
• what do valves prevent?

  the back flow of blood
• the right side of the heart pumps ...


  deoxygenated blood to the lungs
• the left side of the heart pumps....

  oxygenated blood to the body
• what are arteries and why are they thick?


  they are thick muscular blood vessels. they are thick to help smooth blood flow
• what do veins do?

  return blood to heart
• what are arteries properties?

  • carry blood away from heart
  • have thick muscular walls
  • small passageways for blood
  • contain blood under high pressure
• what are veins properties?

  • cary blood to the heart
  • have thin walls
  • have larger internal lumen
  • contains blood under low pressure
  • have values to stop blood backflow
• what are capillaries properties?

  • found in muscles and lungs
  • microscopic > one cell thick - increases rate of diffusion
  • very low blood pressure
  • where the exchange of materials takes place
  • permeable walls so substances can diffuse
  • they supply food and oxygen, take away wastes like co2
• bloods 4 components


  plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
• what is plasma?


  a clear pale yellow fluid
• what are red blood cells?

  contain haemoglobin which carries oxygen
• what are white blood cells?

  produce antibodies and destroy harmful microorganisms
• what are platelets?


  Blood cells involved in clotting to prevent bleeding.
• what are the consequences of leaky values?

  blood is flow is reduced
• what are the risks of having a faulty valve replaced?

  • risk of infection
• what are the risks of having a faulty valve replaced?

  • risk of infection
  • need for immunosuppressant drugs so at a higher risk of infection.
• what are the benefits of an artificial heart?


  keeps the patent alive while waiting for transplant
• What are the disadvantages of a heart transplant?


  Few donor hearts available immunosuppressant drugsRisk of infectionRisk from operation
• What is the function of the coronary arteries

  Supply the heart muscle with oxygen and glucose
• how do u calculate blood flow?

  rate of blood flow = volume of blood / number of minutes?
• what is a pacemaker?


  ur resting hear rate is controlled by a group of close in the right atrium wall
• name the parts of a heart

  .

  A) pulmonary artery

  B) vena cava

  C) right atrium

  D) heart value

  E) tendons

  F) right ventricle

  G) left ventricle

  H) heart value

  I) left atrium

  J) pulmonary vein

  K) aorta

  L) oxygenated

  M) deoxygenated

  
• how do u calculate the rate of blood flow?

  volume of blood / number of minutes
• what is haemogoblin?


  a red pigment, binds to oxygen in the lungs and becomes oxyhaemogoblin. in body tissues oxyhaemogoblin spilts up and releases oxygen into the cells
• do red blood cells have a nucleus?

  no - allows more room for carrying oxygen
• do white blood cells have a nucleus?

  yes
• what is the function of the cononary arteries?


  they surround the heart making sure it gets all the oxygenated blood it needs