Englsih

• Speech Styles


  • Intimate
  • Casual
  • Consultative
  • Formal
  • Frozen
• Intimate speech style


  Used for very close relationships
• Intimate speech style


  • Family sharing ideas
• Casual speech style


  Informal style usually used between friends or insiders
• Casual speech style


  • Everyday conversation with classmates
• Consultative speech style


  Unplanned speech with speaker using participation and feedback of listener, professional or mutually acceptable language is a must
• Consultative speech style


  • Teacher-student, doctor-patient
• Formal speech style


  One-way straightforward speech, uses formal words and expressions, mostly seen in writing rather than speaking
• Formal speech style


  • State of the Nation Address
• Frozen speech style


  Most formal communicative style, used during respectful events and ceremonies, "frozen" or fixed in time and content
• Frozen speech style


  • Pledges, anthems, marriage ceremonies
• Truthfulness is the quality of being honest and not containing or telling any lies
• How to judge relevance, worth of ideas, truthfulness, and effectiveness of a presentation

  • Consider the source
  • Read beyond headlines
  • Check the author
  • Verify supporting sources
  • Check the date
  • Check your biases
• Value judgement


  Form of opinion about based on your principles and beliefs and not on facts that can be checked or proved
• Critical issues


  Natural and human-influenced activities that require immediate attention
• Critical issues


  • Disability, age discrimination, race, skin color, sex, religious discrimination, gender identity, place of birth, and parental status
• Things to consider before making value judgement


  • Think and analyze the situation before giving your perceptual understanding
  • Give your value judgements without bias or prejudice
  • Be empathic / empathetic
  • Speak with a concerned heart
• Values are passed from culture to culture, from generation to generation
• VUCA

  Acronym for volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity, referring to the rapid changes happening in modern society
• Volatile


  A high degree of instability and unpredictability, where situations can change rapidly and unexpectedly
• Uncertain


  A state where outcomes are not easily foreseeable, and there may be multiple possible scenarios or outcomes
• Complex


  Suggests that issues and problems are often multifaceted, with various interdependencies and layers of intricacy
• Ambiguous


  Lack of clarity or certainty about situations, information, or decisions
• 9 Learning Agilities


  • Flexibility
  • Speed
  • Experimenting
  • Performance Risk-Taking
  • Interpersonal Risk-Taking
  • Collaborating
  • Information Gathering
  • Feedback Seeking
  • Reflecting
• Ways to determine if a material is truthful


  • Develop a critical mindset
  • Check the source
  • See who else is reporting the story
  • Examine the evidence
  • Examine the images
• Evidence


  Facts, documentation or testimony used to strengthen a claim
• Claim


  A point that a writer/speaker makes, or the main argument
• Types of Evidence


  • Numbers (statistics or data)
  • Expert opinion
  • Laws
  • Testimonials
• Questions to judge the validity of evidence


  • Is it accurate?
  • Is it relevant?
  • Is it sufficient?