Respiration

• Respiration provides energy for movement, warmth and chemical reactions to build larger molecules
• Cellular respiration is an exothermic reaction that takes place continuously in all living cells
• Aerobic respiration


  Glucose+oxygen->carbon dioxide +water

  C6H12O6+O2->CO2->H2O
• Aerobic respiration releases a great deal of energy because the glucose molecules have been fully oxidised
• Anaerobic respiration releases less energy than aerobic respiration because the oxidation of glucose is incomplete
• Anaerobic repetition doesn’t require oxygen
• Anaerobic respiration I’m yeast cells is called fermentation
• A shortage of oxygen leads to anaerobic respiration
• Use of anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells 


  Ethanol in alcoholic drinks

  carbon dioxide causes bread to rise
• Anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells

  Glucose->ethanol+carbon dioxide
• Muscle cells require lots of energy for contraction
• Anaerobic respiration in muscle cells

  Glucose->lactic acid

  C6H12O6->2C3H6O3
• Oxygen debt is the amount of extra oxygen needed after exercise to deal with accumulated lactic acid and is why rapid breathing continues after exercise
• Sometimes not enough oxygen is supplied to the muscles especially during vigorous exercise causing anaerobic respiration which leads to a build up of lactic acid
• The body removes lactic acid from the muscles creating oxygen .The lactic acid is transported out of the muscles by the blood and taken to the liver where it is converted to glucose
• During exercise the body needs extra oxygen for respiration so the breathing and volume rate is increased getting more oxygen into the blood stream .The heart rate also increases to pump oxygenated blood around the body
• Metabolism is the sum of all reactions in a cell or the body
• Energy released by respiration in cells is used for the continual enzyme-controlled processes of metabolism that produce new molecules
• Metabolic processes include the synthesis and breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins and lipds