Biology Paper 1

Created by

Charlie Simcock

Cards (28)

What does the nucleus do?
It contains genetic information and controls the activities of the cell
What does cytoplasm do?
Where chemical reactions take place
What does a cell membrane do?
It keeps the cells shape and controls what enters and exits the cell
What do mitochondria do?
It is where respiration takes place
What do ribosomes do?
Where protein-synthesis takes place
What do cell walls do?
They are made of cellulose and support and strengthen the cell
What does a vacuole do?
It contains cell sap and helps maintain the shape of the cell
What do chloroplasts do?
This is where photosynthesis occurs, which makes food for the plant. They contain chlorophyll
What do bacterial cells NOT contain
A Nucleus
What does a bacteria cell contain?
Cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, flagella, ribosomes, mitochondria, slime capsule, plasmids
What is the magnification equation?
Image size divided by actual size
What is differentiation? 
The process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job
What are undifferentiated cells called?
Stem Cells
What are chromosome?
Coiled up lengths of DNA molecules that are found in the nuclei
What is mitosis?
The stage of the cell cycle where the cell divides
What do multicellular organisms use mitosis for?
To grow or replace cells that have been damaged
Where are stem cells found? 
In early human embryos or the bone marrow of adults
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Name the substances that can diffuse through cell membranes
Glucose, water, oxygen and amino acids
Name two substances that can't diffuse through cell membranes
Protein and Starch
What is Osmosis
Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules through a partially permeable cell membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration
What are the two main differences between active transport and diffusion?
Active transport uses energy whereas diffusion doesn't. Active transport goes against the concentration gradient whereas diffusion goes along it
Types of Eukaryotic cells
Animal, Plant
What is the role of Lipids
They break down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
What do proteases break down?
Proteins into amino acids
Where are lipases found?
The Stomach
Where are the lungs
The Thorax
What protects the lungs
The ribcage