(SCI) Biomolecules

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Cards (36)

  • Phosphates are NOT included in the main classes of biomolecules.
  • POLYMERS: long chain of molecules which may consist of similar building blocks or repeated patterns of molecules.
  • MACROMOLECULES: large molecules composed of thousands of covalently connected atoms
  • LIPID: macromolecule responsible for cell membrane and energy storage
  • MONOMERS:
    • Can be composed of more than 1 atom
    • Exhibit repeated patterns
    • Are the single basic building unit of all organic compounds
  • ELEMENTS which can be found in biomolecules are:
    • Carbon
    • Hydrogen
    • Oxygen
    • Nitrogen
    • Phosphorus
  • Nucleic acids contain C-H-O-N-P
  • DNA and RNA belong to nucleic acids.
  • Sugar, starch, cellulose and glucose are all examples of CARBOHYDRATES.
  • Trans-oleic acids are examples of lipids.
  • A correct monomer-polymer pair would be polymer:polysaccharide.
  • Collagen, keratin and enzymes are examples of PROTEINS.
  • CARBOHYDRATES are a quick source of energy.
  • LIPIDS includes fats and oils.
  • NUCLEIC ACIDS are made up of nucleotides.
  • PROTEINS are made up of amino acids, and are assembled by ribosomes.
  • CARBOHYDRATES are made up of monosaccharides.
  • The elements of CARBOHYDRATES is C-H-O.
  • LIPIDS are hydrophobic.
  • Fatty acids are the simplest LIPIDS.
  • PHOSPHOLIDS: main constituents of the cell membrane and are made up of 2 hydrophobic fatty acid tails and a hydrophylic head consisting phosphate group.
  • Nitregenous bases are of 2 types: pyrimidines and purines.
  • NUCLEOSIDE: a base linked with sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA); it joins a phosphate group to form nucleotides.
  • PROTEINS are polymers made up of monomeric units of 20 amino acids.
  • The majority of living cells are rich in CARBOHYDRATES and they are the final products of many metabolic processes.
  • BIOMOLECULES: defined as any organic molecule present in a living cell.
  • CARBOHYDRATES > Sugars > Starches > Cellulose
    • LIPIDS > Fats & Oils > Saturated fats > Unsaturated fats
    • LIPIDS > Membranes
  • PROTEINS > Amino acids > Peptide bonds
    • NUCLEIC ACIDS > Nucleotides > Bases > Pentose sugar
    • NUCLEIC ACIDS > DNA & RNA
    1. Glucose: disaccharide
    2. Sucrose: monosaccharide
    3. Starch: polysaccharide
    4. Triglyceride: polysaccharide
    (TYPE THE NUMBER) Which of the following is a correct pair?
    3
  • Among NITROGEN, CARBON, HYDROGEN, and OXYGEN, which is not present in carbohydrates?

    NITROGEN
  • The major function of carbohydrates is for ENERGY PRODUCTION.
  • CONDENSATION - The process of combining 2 or more simple sugars
  • POLYSACCHARIDE (examples) - glycogen, cellulose, starch
  • HYDROLYSIS - the process of digesting complex carbohydrates by adding water and obtaining simple sugar