Chapter 8 Grammar

• What is the purpose of Indirect object pronouns?

  To indicate to whom or for whom the action is performed
• What are the INDIRECT object pronouns?


  -me

  -te

  -le

  -nos

  -os

  -les
• What is the structure for clarification with the indirect object pronoun?


  Usted me habla a mi ?

  Pedro te dio el pasaporte a ti, no a mi
• INDIRECT OP follow the same rules as DOP for sentence placement and with commands


  true
• What two verbs are almost exclusively used with IOP?

  dar and decir

  -dé; den

  -diga, digan
• Gustar is always used with ____ object pronouns (me, te, le, nos, os, les)


  indirect
• What is the structure for using gustar?


  -(no) IOP + gusta(n) + subject

  -(no) le/les gusta(N) + subject + a + noun (can turn this one around)
• For clarification or emphasis with IOP, the IOP is placed where in a sentence?


  before the IOP (a + subject) or after the verb (a + subject)
• when using gustar, you must have one of two things after it. What are they?


  definite article (el/la/los/las) or determiner word (ex: muchas/os; tus; etc)
• When using gustaría, what is the sentence structure?


  -A (subject) (IOP) gustaría + infinitive of verb

  (ex: a mi' me gustaría viajar)
• What are the conjugations for regular -ar preterite verbs?

  -é

  -aste

  -o'

  -amos

  -asteis

  -aron
• What are the regular verb conjugations for -er/-ir verbs?

  -i'

  -iste

  -io'

  -imos

  -isteis

  -ieron
• What are the conjugations for ver in past tense? (no accents)

  vi

  viste

  vio

  vimos

  visteis

  vieron
• What is the stem change for verbs ending in -car; -gar; and -zar in past tense?


  -car -> qu (buscar -> busqué)

  -gar -> gu (pagar -> pagué)

  -zar -> c (empezar -> empecé)
• What is the rule for an i in-between two vowels that is unstressed?


  it turns into a y

  (ex: creer -> creyó; creyeron)

  (ex: leer -> leyó; leyeron)
• What is the preterite conjugations for decir and why is this irregular?


  -di

  -diste

  -dio

  -dimos

  -disteis

  -dieron

  ALL accents are DROPPED
• What is the preterite conjugation of HACER?


  -hice

  -hiciste

  -hizo

  -hicimos

  -hicisteis

  -hicieron
• What are the preterite conjugations for ser and ir? (same)


  -fui

  -fuiste

  -fue

  -fuimos

  -fuisteis

  -fueron