PHYSICS 4TH QUARTER

• Oscillation is a movement back and fourth
• Waves are back and fourth movement of particles
• Waves are carriers of energy
• Conservation energy is the 1st Law of Thermodynamics
• Transverse is a classification of waves that refers to movement of particles that are perpendicular to the movement of energy
• Longitudinal Waves is a classification of motion waves which refers to parallel to the movement of energy
• Mechanical wave is a medium wave which requires a medium like solid, liquid, and gas to transfer energy
• Electromagnetic Wave does not require medium but can travel with or without medium
• Transverse wave have Crest and Trough
• Longitudinal wave have compression and rarefaction
• Surface waves are combination of transverse and longitudinal waves which the movement is in Circular motion
• The movement of particles is up&down or vibration only
• Crest is a part of wave that is at its highest point and is the most curved
• Trough is a part of wave that is at its lowest point and is the least curved
• Compression is a part of wave where there is an increase in density, pressure, and energy.
• Rarefaction is a part of wave where there is decrease in density, pressure, and energy.
• Amplitude is the distance from the equilibrium position to the highest point from the equilibrium position (rest).
• Wavelength is the distance between two successive crests or troughs.
• Frequency (f) is inversely proportional to the wavelength
• 1 complete cycle is equal to 1 hertz
• Optics is the study of electromagnetic waves (light) and their interaction with matter.
• Acoustics is the study of mechanical waves (sound) and their effects on the human ear.
• Reflection is a bouncing back of wave where angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection
• Refraction is bending of wave as it passes from medium to medium
• Diffraction - scattering/spreading out of waves as it passes an edge or corner
• Interference - Two or more waves combine or overlapping each other constructively or destructively
• Constructive Interference - when a wave meets another, the waves overlap and create a larger wave
• Destructive Interference - When a wave meets another the waves nullifies or cancels each other out
• Light can act as wave or particles but cannot be the same property at the same time
• The byproduct energy of light is electromagnetic waves
• Incandescence occurs when atoms of object is heated
• Luminescence is caused by movement of electrons material from higher energy levels to lower energy levels
• Electric discharges through ionized gases
• Light travels in 3x10^8 m/s in a vacuum or space
• Dispersion of light is the separation of white light into its component colors
• Light colors are subtractive colors while Pigment colors are additive colors
• Violet has the shortest wavelength
• The color red has the longest wavelength
• The primary colors of light are red, green, and blue while its secondary colors are cyan, yellow, and magenta
• The primary colors of pigment colors are cyan, yellow, and magenta while its secondary colors are red, green, and blue