Genetic inheritance

• Alleles are different versions of the same gene
• phenotype is the physical characteristics of an organism.
• A genotype is the collection of genes an organism has.
• • Homozygous individuals have 2 alleles that are the same, e.g. BB or bb.
• • Heterozygous individuals have 2 different alleles, e.g. Bb.
• Dominant alleles are the alleles that are always expressed
• Recessive alleles are only expressed when there are no dominant alleles present
• Chromosomes are structures that are made of DNA. 
• DNA is a chemical found in the nucleus of cells that holds all the genetic information for an organism.
• Genes are sections of DNA that code for specific traits.
• Gametes are sex cells
• Punnet squares help to calculate the probability of offspring inheriting different traits. 

  
• A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of an organism.
• • Monohybrid inheritance refers to the inheritance of traits determined by a single gene.