body systems

• Arteries


  carry blood away from the heart
• Veins


  carry blood to the heart
• Capillaries


  any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules.
• Arterioles


  smallest arteries
• Venules


  smallest veins
• Pericardium


  Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart.
• superior vena cava


  receives blood from the superior portion of the body and empties into the right atrium of the heart
• inferior vena cava


  receives blood from inferior portions of the body and empties into the right atrium of the heart
• Right atrium


  Receives deoxygenated blood from the body
• Right ventricle


  pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
• Left atrium


  receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
• Left ventricle


  Pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta to the rest of the body
• Aorta


  Carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
• tricuspid valve


  valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle
• biscuspid valve


  valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
• Aortic valve


  heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta
• pulmonary valve


  valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
• pulmonary artery


  Carries deoxygentated blood from the heart to the lungs
• pulmonary veins


  carry the oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium of the heart
• cardiac arrest


  complete stopping of heart activity
• heart attack


  a condition in which blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, causing heart cells to die
• side of the heart that is oxygenated


  left
• side of the heart that is deoxygenated


  right
• erthrocytes


  Red blood cells that trasport oxygen from the lungs to the body and carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs.
• Leukocytes


  white blood cells, fight infection
• respiratory system function


  Bring oxygen to and eliminates carbon dioxide from the blood.
• Pharynx


  throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx
• Larynx


  voice box; passageway for air moving from pharynx to trachea; contains vocal cords

  
• Trachea


  a large membranous tube reinforced by rings of cartilage, extending from the larynx to the bronchial tubes and conveying air to and from the lungs; the windpipe.

  
• pleura


  Membrane surrounding the lungs

  
• Diaphragm


  Large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing

  
• Bronchi


  two short branches located at the lower end of the trachea that carry air into the lungs.
• Bronchioles


  Airways in the lungs that lead from the bronchi to the alveoli.

  
• Alveoli


  tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood

  
• Diffusion


  Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

  
• pulmonary ventilation

  movement of air into and out of the lungs

  
• internal respiration


  exchange of gases between the blood and the cells of the body