paper 1

• reactivity series

  • Potassium
  • sodium
  • lithium
  • calcium
  • magnesium
  • aluminium
  • carbon
  • zinc
  • iron
  • hydrogen
  • copper
  • silver
  • gold
• Reaction between acid and a metal 


  acid + metal -> salt + hydrogen
• Reaction with acid and alkali (neutralisation)


  acid + alkali -> salt + water
• Reaction of metals with water 


  metal + water -> metal hydroxide + hydrogen
• Reaction with bases 


  acid + metal oxide -> salt + water
• What is electrolysis 


  The splitting up of an ionic substance using electricity
• What gases are given off in electrolysis (aqueous)?

  • If metal is more reactive than hydrogen, then hydrogen will be produced at the negative cathode
  • At the positive anode oxidation occurs as ions loose ions