States of Matter

• The Three States of Matter


  • Solid
  • Liquid
  • Gas
• Materials come in three different forms - solid, liquid and gas. These are the three states of matter.
• Particle theory


  A model where each particle is seen as a small solid
• Using particle theory to show what solids, liquids and gases are

  Explain how the particles in solids, liquids and gases behave
• Solids


  • Strong forces of attraction between particles
  • Particles held close together in fixed positions to form a structure
• Solids


  • Have a fixed shape and volume
• Liquids


  • Weak forces of attraction between particles
  • Particles randomly arranged and free to move past each other, but tend to stick closely together
• Liquids


  • Have a fixed volume but don't keep a fixed shape
  • Flow to fill the bottom of a container
• Gases


  • Very weak forces of attraction between particles
  • Particles free to move and are spaced apart
  • Particles travel in straight lines
• Gases


  • Don't have a fixed shape or volume
  • Will fill any container
• State symbols tell you the state of a substance in an equation
• Symbol equations can include state symbols next to each substance, shown in brackets, normally subscripts
• State symbols

  • (s) - solid
  • (l) - liquid
  • (g) - gas
  • (aq) - aqueous