science

• alimentary canal/ digestive tract: it is the main part of the digestive system which include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines and anus
• salivary glands, pancreas, liver and the gallbladder: these are also known as accessory organs glands
• mouth: this is where the digestion begins
• salive: is softens the food in our mouth for easy digestion
• mucus: it binds the food particles into slippery bolus that can pass easily to the esophagus
• salivary amylase: it is an enzyme that specifically digest food rich in starch, a complex carbohydrate
• mitosis: the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells
• meiosis: a type of cell division that produces four haploid daughter cells from one diploid parent cell
• prophase: chromosomes condense and become visible, nuclear envelope breaks down. this happens before
• metaphase: chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell. this comes in the middle
• anaphase: sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell. this is also known as being apart/away
• telophase: the final stage of mitosis, in which the nucleus divides into two nuclei
• cytokinesis: the division of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells
• prometaphase: chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell
• dihybrid: it involves two pairs of alleles
• alelle: a pair of factors that control the appearance of a particular trait
• dominant: a trait that is always expressed whenever present
• primary consumers- they have the most energy
• tertiary consumers- they have the least energy
• food chain-feeding relationships among organisms
• tropic level-refers to each step in the transfer of energy and matter in a community
• population -several species in a same geographic area
• examples of species diversity -river, ponds, lakes
• biodiversity -variety of all life on earth
• class -used to classify a domain
• survive and reproduce -purpose of every species on earth
• domain-kingdom-phylum-class-order-family-genus-species -hierarchical system classification
• burning fossil fuels -cause air polution
• ingestion -a process in which animals take in food that provides energy and nutrients
• chemical digestion -the breakdown of food into smaller molecules with the aid of enzymes
• peristatic movement -it is the contraction of the small muscles in a digestive tract
• intestinal villi -increases surface area for nutrient absorption
• ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, and egestion -sequence of the process involved in the human digestive system
• producers at the 1st trophic level -where the paths of nutrients start
• law of degradation of energy -the energy of the producer is than at the second trophic level
• daughter cells -when the other daughter cell has a number of 64 chromosomes, then the other daughter cell has the same amount of chromosomes
• 4 -number of daughter cells under meiosis
• 23 chromosomes -number of chromosomes under meiosis
• leptotene -substage of prophase 1 where the pairing of chromosomes begin
• zygote -a cell of human being