6.1.2 Patterns of inheritance

    Cards (13)

    • Genotype - Genetic constitution of an organisms (the alleles it has for a gene).
    • Phenotype - The expression of the genes and its interaction with the environment.
    • Homozygous - Pair of homologous chromosomes carrying the same alleles for a single gene.
    • Heterozygous - A pair of homologous chromosomes carrying two different alleles for a single gene.
    • Recessive allele - An allele only expressed if no dominant allele is present.
    • Dominant allele - An allele that will always be expressed in the phenotype.
    • Codominant - Both alleles are equally dominant and expressed in the phenotype.
    • Multiple alleles - More than two alleles for a single gene.
    • Sex-linkage - A gene whose locus is on the X chromosome.
    • Autosomal linkage - Genes that are located on the same chromosome (not the sex-chromosomes).
    • Epistasis - When one gene modifies or masks the expression of a different gene at a different locus.
    • Monohybrid - Genetic inheritance cross of a characteristic is determined by one gene.
    • Dihybrid - Genetic inheritance cross for a characteristic is determined by two genes.