Science test

• 25% of species of plants and animals live in the coral reefs, making coral reefs among the most diverse ecosystems on earth.
• The discussed properties of ocean water are: Pressure, Temperature, Color and, Salinity, H2O.
• The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest, contains Mediterranean, Caribbean, and North Seas, shallower than the Pacific and Indian.
• Zooplankton: Animal like plankton, example-Protists, crustaceans.
• In Puerto Rico, estuaries are classified in five types: River mouths, semi enclosed bays, open bays, coastal bays, saline estuaries.
• Coral reefs are limestone islands in the sea that are built by coral animals called Polyps.
• The color of the ocean appears blue because of the way water absorbs and scatters sunlight.
• SONAR uses echo sounding to determine the depth of the ocean floor.
• Jacques Cousteau created a tank that allowed people to breath underwater and stay submersed for much longer than ever before.
• Sciencetist for the first time went to the bottom of the challenger deep (over 11km deep) using submersibles.
• Scientist could now use SEASAT to observe the oceans.
• A Food Web consist of all the food chains in a single ecosystem.
• The energy is passed from one organism to the next as they eat the objects.
• Nekton are aquatic animals that move on their own by "swimming" through the water.
• Animals that live on the sea floor are called Benthos.
• Upwelling: upward movement of ocean water.
• Downwelling: occurs when the tropical trade winds weaken or reverse direction.
• The phenomenon of El Niño became known as because of its dendancy to occur around Christmas time.
• La Niña cool some coastal surface waters, and brings upwellings.
• ENSO will be regarded as the fourth most powerful event in recorded history, resulting in widespread droughts, flooding and other natural disasters across the globe.
• La Niña cooler and wetter conditions in parts of the north, especially on the Pacific coast.
• El Niño warmer conditions from parts of the north.
• El Niño and La Niña happens in the Pacific Ocean.
• In the La Niña, the opposite phase of El Niño was discovered.