21ST CENT || PPT SATURDAY

• AFRICAN REGIONS


  • NORTHERN
  • WESTERN
  • CENTRAL
  • SOUTHERN
  • EASTERN
• Africa is composed of 55 countries
• Africa has 84,000 kilometers of borders
• Africa has 2,000 ethnic groups
• Africa has the world's largest reserves of fossil fuels, metallic ores, and gems and precious metals
• Africa has great diversity of biological resources
• Africa has lush equatorial rainforests in Central Africa
• Africa has the wildlife of the eastern and southern portions of the continent
• Africa has enormous wealth of mineral resources
• A societal problem that arose in African history due to colonization was Apartheid
• Apartheid


  A policy of racial segregation and discrimination enforced by white minority governments in South Africa from 1948 to 1994
• Nelson Mandela: 'Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.'
• Nelson Mandela


  • Nobel Prize for Peace winner in 1993, along with South Africa's president at the time, F.W. de Klerk, for having led the transition from apartheid to a multiracial democracy
  • First black president of South Africa, serving from 1994 to 1999
• Africa is known as the "Dark Continent" because most people know very little about this continent since it remained unexplored over a long period of time
• Modern African literatures were born in the educational systems imposed by colonialism, with models drawn from Europe rather than existing African traditions
• African Literary Texts and Authors

  • Poems, "My Black is Beautiful (Woman)" and "My Black is Beautiful (Man)" by Naomi Johnson
  • Short Story, "A Private Experience" by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie
  • Short Story, "Inscape" by Yaa Gyasi
  • Short Story, "War for God" by Zaynab Quadri and "The Sack" by Namwali Serpell
• Zimbabwe


  Officially Republic of Zimbabwe, formerly (1911–64) Southern Rhodesia, (1964–79) Rhodesia, or (1979–80) Zimbabwe Rhodesia
• Charles Mungoshi


  • Born into a farming family in 1947
  • Raised in the Chivhu area of Zimbabwe
  • Worked with the Forestry Commission before joining Textbook Sales
  • Worked at the Literature Bureau as an editor from 1975 to 1981
  • Worked at Zimbabwe Publishing House for the next five years
  • Was Writer in Residence at the University of Zimbabwe in 1985-87
  • Has worked as a free-lance writer, script writer and editor since then
• Charles Mungoshi's Works


  • Two collections of children's stories: Stories from a Shona Childhood and One Day Long Ago (Baobab Books, 1989 and 1991)
  • One published poetry collection: The Milkman Doesn't Only Deliver Milk (Baobab Books, 1998)
  • Won the Commonwealth Writers Prize (Africa region) twice, in 1988 and 1998, for two collections of short stories: The Setting Sun and the Rolling World (Heinemann, 1987) and Walking Still (Baobab Books, 1997)
  • Two of his novels: Waiting for the Rain (Heinemann 1975) and Ndiko kupindana kwa mazuva (Mambo Press, 1975) received International PEN awards
• Saturday is a poem by Charles Mungoshi, a poet from Zimbabwe
• The Caribbean


  Also known as The West Indies
• Dominican Republic


  • Second largest and most diverse Caribbean country
  • Surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the north and the Caribbean Sea on the south, our lush tropical island paradise
• Julia Alvarez's Works


  • Novels (How the García Girls Lost Their Accents, In the Time of the Butterflies, ¡Yo!, In the Name of Salomé, Saving the World, Afterlife)
  • Collections of poems (Homecoming, The Other Side/ El Otro Lado, The Woman I Kept to Myself)
  • Nonfiction (Something to Declare, Once Upon A Quinceañera, and A Wedding in Haiti)
  • Numerous books for young readers (including the Tía Lola Stories series, Before We Were Free, finding miracles, Return to Sender and Where Do They Go?)
• Julia Alvarez's Awards


  • Pura Belpré and Américas Awards for her books for young readers
  • The Hispanic Heritage Award
  • The F. Scott Fitzgerald Award
  • In 2013, she received the National Medal of Arts from President Obama
• Camila Henríquez Ureña


  • Educator and literary critic
  • Became a naturalized Cuban citizen
  • A feminist and a humanist, she lectured during much of her career, advocating intellectual study for women
  • Parents: Francisco Henríquez y Carvajal and Salomé Ureña
• Salome Ureňa


  A Dominican poet and an early proponent of women's higher education in the Dominican Republic
• Francisco Hilario Henríquez


  A doctor, lawyer, writer, educator and politician from the Dominican Republic, who served as president just prior to the US occupation of the country