hormones

• anterior pituitary - 6 types


  1. basophils - ACTH, TSH, FSH acidophils
• thyroid-stimulating hormone 


  stimulates thyroid gland, release controlled thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH)
• adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)


  stimulates synthesis and release of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, androgens
• ACTH long term

  initiating and maintaining the full development of the adrenal gland
• ACTH short term 


  responds to stress reaction
• cortisol


  stress hormone, fight or flight
• gonadotrophin-releasing hormone


  stimulates release of FSH and LH
• follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in females


  stimulates growth of the follicle and stimulates estrogen
• FSH in males


  stimulates growth of the germinal epithelium
• luteinising hormone (LH)


  maintains the interstitial tissue of the testes and ovaries
• prolactin 


  causes the development and production of milk in the breast and mammary gland
• growth hormone - growth releasing hormone factor


  releases GH release from pituitary
• growth hormone - somatostatin 


  inhibits GH release from pituitary
• growth hormone - insulin growth factor


  increases growth in peripheral tissues
• lack of GH


  dwarfism
• excess GH 


  giantism
• melanocyte-stimulating hormone 


  affects the production and dispersion of melanin granules in melanocytes
• posterior pituitary releases 


  ADH and oxytocin