Science 7 Q4

• Eclipses


  Celestial events where celestial bodies are perfectly aligned
• Types of Eclipses


  • Lunar eclipse
  • Solar eclipse
• Lunar eclipse


  • Earth is between the sun and moon
  • Penumbra and umbra is larger than solar eclipse
  • Happens only on full moon
• Solar eclipse

  • Moon is between sun and earth
  • Penumbra and umbra is smaller than lunar eclipse
  • Shadow cast is smaller than lunar eclipse
  • Moon doesn't shine on its own
• Types of Lunar Eclipse

  • Total
  • Partial
• Types of Solar Eclipse

  • Partial
  • Annular
  • Total
• Phases of the Moon

  • New
  • Waxing Crescent
  • First Quarter
  • Waxing Gibbous
  • Full
  • Waning Gibbous
  • Last Quarter
  • Waning Crescent
• Atmosphere


  Blanket of gases surrounding the Earth that sustains life and protects us
• Atmosphere


  • 480-480km thick
  • Contains nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and other gases
• Layers of the Atmosphere


  • Troposphere
  • Stratosphere
  • Mesosphere
  • Thermosphere
  • Exosphere
• Troposphere


  • Nearest to Earth
  • Where weather occurs
  • Warmest layer
• Stratosphere


  • Protects from ultraviolet rays
• Types of Breezes

  • Land breeze
  • Sea breeze
• Monsoons


  Wind systems caused by large masses of air that move seasonally
• Greenhouse effect


  Traps heat like a transparent wall in a closed area, used for growing seedlings
• Types of Renewable Energy

  • Solar
  • Wind
  • Tidal
  • Geothermal
• Biomass energy sources


  • Wood
  • Crops
  • Manure
• Natural Resources

  • Mineral resources
  • Forest resources
  • Agricultural resources
  • Marine resources
• Metallic mineral resources


  • Nickel, iron, gold, copper
• Non-metallic mineral resources


  • Calcite, gypsum, quartz
• Forest resources


  • Dipterocarp forest, mangrove, bamboo
• Agricultural resources


  • Abaca, coconut, tobacco, banana
• Latitude

  Parallel horizontal lines
• Divisions of latitude

  • Equator
  • Tropic of Cancer
  • Tropic of Capricorn
  • Arctic Circle
  • Antarctic Circle
• Longitude

  Vertical lines, Prime Meridian is the reference point
• Shadow


  Made by blocking light
• Umbra


  The darkest region of the shadow cast
• Penumbra


  The gray cast of shadow
• Types of Lunar eclipse


  • Total - red
  • Penumbra - regular moon
  • Partial - bite or half of moon is visible
• Types of Solar eclipse


  • Partial - only part of sun is seen
  • Annular - moon passes directly between earth and sun
  • Total - moon is totally covered
• Atmosphere


  Blanket of gasses surrounding earth
• Gases in Atmosphere


  • 78% Nitrogen
  • 21% Oxygen
  • 1% others(argon, carbon dioxide, neon, krypton, helium)
• Layers of Atmosphere


  • Troposphere
  • Stratosphere
  • Mesosphere
  • Thermosphere
  • Exosphere
• Troposphere


  • Nearest layer on the earth
  • 75% total gas
  • 99% earth water
  • Where weather occurs
  • Wettest layer of the atmosphere
• Stratosphere


  • The ozone layer
  • Protects from ultra violet rays
• Mesosphere


  • Coldest layer of atmosphere
  • First line of defense
• Thermosphere


  • Absorbs large amounts of solar radiation
  • Home of space stations
• Exosphere


  • Varies from hot to cold
  • Farthest layer of atmosphere from the earth
• Heat


  The energy that flows from an object with high temperature
• Types of Heat Transfer in Atmosphere


  • Radiation
  • Convection
  • Conduction