The trade in enslaved Africans

• Between 1500-1800 how many people where taken by force from Africa ?

  12-15 million
• How many is estimated to have died on the journey alone through the Middle Passage?

  2 Million
• How many voyages did the British slave ships take across the Atlantic?

  10000
• How many people where on the voyages and how many people survived?

  3.4 million people to which only 2.6 million survived
• Which cities in Britain rapidly expanded due to the wealth they aquired during the slave trade?

  London, Liverpool and Bristol
• What y ear did Christopher Columbus sail across the Atlantic ocean on behalf of the Spanish crown and arrived at the Caribbean?

  1942
• What was the aftermath of this voyage?

  Portugal and Spain began to develop economies
• What territories did Portugal and Spain control in American places?

  Peru, Mexico and Hispaniola
• In the 1500s and onwards what places did Portugal and Spain take and enslave?
• Which two privateers where the first English traders?

  Sir John Hawkins and Sir Francis Drake
• Who were Hawkins and Drake most loyal to?

  Queen Elizabeth 1
• Where did Hawkins and Drake sail off to?

  Spain
• What did Hawkins and Drake do to the Spanish ships?

  Raided them and colonies in America
• What years did Hawkins and Drake travel to West Africa?

  1560s
• In what year did Hawkins and Drake seize 300 people?

  1564
• In what years were Hawkins and Drake involved with 4 voyages?

  1564-1569
• How many people did Hawkins and Drake sell?

  1200
• In what year did England began to develop economies in America?

  1607
• What places did England use enslaved labour in America?

  Jamestown, Virginia , Bermuda and Providence Island
• What ports did British enslavers sail from?

  Glasgow Liverpool and Bristol
• What were the West Africans traded for?

  guns cloth iron beer and other goods
• How many estimated to have died through the Middle Passage?

  2 million
• What was the name given to the three main voyages of the transaltantic slave trade?

  Triangular Trade
• Where where African men women and children kidnapped from?

  Modern day Nigeria Ghana and Seierra
• Who wrote his own autobiography about his experience with the slave trade?

  Olaudah Equiano
• Where did enslaved people have to wait when they were on the coast?

  European dungeons
• What where the castles also known as?

  The point of no return
• How long could the Middle Passage take?

  12 weeks
• Where were the men kept on the ships?

  Below the decks in cramped conditions chained to one another by the legs.
• What were the other conditions?

  Air was putrid and illness was rife
• Where were the women and children kept?


  They were kept on the upper decks?
• What were the conditions for the women and children?

  Often abused by the crew, poor food low sanitation and punishments given by crew mean humiliation
• What happened on the arrival in the Americas?

  They were subjected to humiliating checks had their mouths opened to look at and oil on their skin to make them seem healthier
• What is chattel slavery?


  Where enslaved people become legal property of their owners and children born of enslaved people automatically become enslaved
• What happened by 1625?


  English had colonised the land of Barbados
• What year did the English invade the island of Barbados?

  1655
• Who invaded The island of Barbados before the English and what did they do?

  Was captured by the Spanish and they transported hundreds of West Africans to the Island
• Who were initally the people who worked on the Islands of Barbados?

  indentured servants
• Who were Indentured servants?

  Often people who were prisoners from England and were forced into work periods for 5-7 years. They were often treated badly however unlike the enslaved people when their time was up they were free to go
• Who benefited as a result of the slave trade?

  Made many people rich but ruined the lives of enslaved people British enslavers profited from buying and selling enslaved African people to work on plantations