Lesson 5

• Rotation is a circular movement of an object around a center of rotation.
• The movement of the earth around the sun is a fixed path called a revolution.
• The path of the earth around the sun is called an orbit.
• Revolution = 365.25 days
• Rotation = 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4 seconds
• Perihelion is the point of the earth's orbit where it is closest to the sun.
• Perihilion occurs in early January and the earth is approximately 147.056 million km away from the sun.
• Aphelion is a point of the earth's orbit where it is farthest away from the sun.
• Aphelion typically occurs in early July and the earth is approximately 152.14 million km away from the sun.
• The difference in distance between the Perihelion and Aphelion can affect the amount of solar radiation the earth receives, which can impact global temp and natural phenomena.
• Perigee - the moon closest to the earth.
• Apogee - the moon farthest from the earth.
• Spring is typically characterized by warmer weather, longer daylight hours, and the blooming of flowers and trees after the winter months.
• During spring, seeds take root and vegetation begins to grow. Animals wake or return from warmer climates, often with newborns.
• Autumn is the season of transition, as the weather cools down, and the days begin to shorten. It is often associated with harvest and the changing of the seasons.
• Summer is the hottest season, with longer days and shorter nights. It is the time for outdoor activities, vacations, and enjoying the sunshine.
• During autumn trees shed their leaves, the colors of nature become more muted, and plants may begin to grow dormant. Animals might prepare themselves for the upcoming cold weather, storing food or traveling to warmer regions.
• Winter is the coldest season, with shorter days and longer nights. It is the time for hibernation, introspection, and staying warm indoors.
• Spring occurs between March 19-21 in the Northern Hemisphere and around September 22 or 23 in the Southern Hemisphere.
• Spring = vernal equinox
• Winter = winter solstice
• Fall = autumnal equinox
• Summer = summer solstice
• Summer happens around June 20 or 21 in the Northern Hemisphere and around December 21 or 22 in the Southern Hemisphere.
• Fall occurs around September 22 or 23 in the Northern Hemisphere and around March 20 or 21 in the Southern Hemisphere.
• Winter takes place around December 21 or 22 in the Northern Hemisphere and around June 20 or 21 in the Southern Hemisphere.
• Earth's rotation is the rotation of planet Earth around its own axis.
• Perigee - tide-generating forces are higher than usual, producing above average ranges in the tides.
• Apogee - the lunar tide-raising force is smaller, and the tidal ranges are less than average.