WEEK 4: INFANCY

• Normal Delivery


  Natural way a baby comes out of the vagina, very painful but quicker recovery
• Cesarean Delivery


  Surgical procedure where baby is delivered through incision made in mother’s abdomen and uterus
• Vacuum-Assisted Delivery


  Type of assisted vaginal delivery that uses a vacuum to help deliver baby during 2nd stage of labor
• Forceps-Assisted Delivery


  specialized medical instruments called forceps to guide the baby’s head out of birth canal
• Water Birth


  Process where a woman labors and delivers baby in a birthing tub filled with warm water
• Vertex Position


  Ideal position for birth, where baby is head-down
• Breech Position


  Baby’s position in uterus that causes buttocks to be the first part to emerge from vagina
• Frank/Extended Breech


  baby’s legs are extended straight above the head
• Complete Breech


  BABY hips and knees are bent
• Footling Breech


  One or both of the baby’s feet are presenting first
• Contractions


  Irregular contractions become regular and stronger, leads to cervical dilation
• Childbirth


  Full dilation leads to pushing leading to baby’s delivery
• Afterbirth


  Delivery of the placenta usually within 5-30 minutes post-birth,
• Dilation


  Series of contractions dilate the cervix which opens the mother’s womb, baby positions itself
• Expulsion


  : Baby’s head moves down the birth canal and emerges from vagina
• Placental


  placenta and umbilical cord are expelled from the womb, then the cord is cut
• Afterbirth 


  Organ that nourishes the fetus during pregnancy (placenta and fetal membranes) are expelled
• Parturition


  It is the entire childbirth process
• Electronic Fetal Monitoring (EFM)


  Technique used to assess fetal well-being during pregnancy, labor, and delivery by monitoring baby’s heart rate.
• Prepared Childbirth


  Method of childbirth that uses instruction, breathing exercise, and social support to induce responses to uterine contractions and reduce fear/pain.
• Lamaze Method


  Focuses on breathing techniques, relaxation, massage, & visualization to manage pain
• Bradley Method


  Emphasizes the role of birthing person’s partner as a coach and advocate,
• Birthing Partner


  Focuses on communication and teamwork between the mom and partner
• Doula


  Experienced mentor who furnishes emotional support for a woman during labor
• Neonates


  Newborn babies within first 28 days of life
• Neonatal period


  Specific timeframe encompassing first 28 days of a baby’s life
• Neonatal Jaundice


  Buildup of bilirubin in blood causing yellowing of skin and eyes and immature liver function
• Anoxia


  Complete lack of oxygen due to problems with umbilical cord
• Hypoxia


  Insufficient oxygen reaching tissues, less severe than anoxia due to complications in delivery
• Apgar Scale


  Performed in newborn baby to quickly assess overall health and well-being, 1-5 minutes after birth
• Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS)


  tool for assessing a newborn's behavioral and neurological state, first days to weeks of life
• Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS)


  Neurological assessment for high-risk infants through ICU stay
• State of Arousal


  Infant’s physiological/behavioral status in the periodic daily cycle of wakefulness, sleep, activity
• Swaddling 


  Traditional practice of wrapping a newborn baby snugly in a light, breathable blanket to calm and soothe them
• Postmature baby


  Post-term or postdates, refers to baby born after the expected due date
• Infant Mortality Rate


  Key indicator of overall health of mothers and newborns
• Sudden Infant Death Syndrome


  Unexplained death of healthy baby under 1 year of age
• Kwashiorkor


  Severe protein deficiency where child’s abdomen and feet become swollen with water, 1-3 years of age
• Marasmus


  Caused by lack of food intake, protein-calorie and all macronutrients

  More severe
• Postpartum period


  Period after childbirth when mother adjusts to the process of childbirth