Antibiotics

• Sulfonamides

  sulfamethoxalone, trimethoprim
• Sulfonamides used

  urinary tract infection, pneumonia, upper respiratory infection, community acquired MRSA infection, infection of the skin
• Sulfonamides Contraindication

  known allergy, pregnancy, infants
• Sulfonamides Adverse Effects

  nausea, vomiting
• Sulfonamides Interactions

  dilantin, anti-diabetic meds
• Sulfonamides Nursing Implications

  culture/ sensitivity, increase fluids 2-3 liters a day because crystals in urine, photosensitivity; use sunscreen/ take with food for GI upset
• Penicillins

  penicillin, amoxicillin, piperacillin, tazobactam
• Penicillins Use

  urinary tract infection, respiratory infection, sinusitis, skin infection, ear infection
• Penicillins Contraindication

  known allergy, COMMON allergy
• Penicillins Adverse Effects

  nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, agitation, anxiety, dyspnea
• Penicillins Interactions

  NSAIDs, oral contraceptives, rifampin, warfarin
• Penicillins Nursing Implications

  take as directed, destroys normal flora, take with yogurt also helps with diarrhea
• Cephalosporins

  cefazolin, cephalexin, cefoxitin, cefuroxime
• Cephalosporins Use

  urinary tract infection, respiratory infection, skin infection, bone/joint infection, septicemia
• Cephalosporins Contraindication

  penicillin because same family, renal/liver impairment, lower dose for older adult
• Cephalosporins Adverse Effects

  nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
• Cephalosporins Interactions

  antacids, iron, oral contraceptives
• Cephalosporins Nursing Implications

  use backup birth control, with food for GI upset, assess diarrhea (foul smelling stool) CDIFF, abdominal cramping, super infection: happens because antibiotic kills normal flora, such as: thrush and vaginal yeast infections
• Carbapenems

  imipenem, ertapenem
• Carbapenems Use

  connective tissue infection, bone infection, pneumonia, sever urinary tract infection
• Carbapenems Contraindication

  anaphylaxis with penicillins
• Carbapenems Adverse Effects

  may cause seizures
• Carbapenems Interactions

  cyclosporine
• Carbapenems Nursing Implications

  infuse for a minimum of 60 minutes
• Monobactams

  axtreonam
• Monobactams Use

  sever systemic infections, urinary tract infection, septicemia
• Monobactams Contraindication

  known allergy
• Monobactams Adverse Effects

  nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash
• Monobactams Interactions

  furosemide, probenecid for gout
• Monobactams Nursing Implications

  abdominal cramp, super infection
• Macrolides

  azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, fidaomicin
• Macrolides Use

  strep infection, GI infection, respiratory infection
• Macrolides Contraindication

  known allergy
• Macrolides Adverse Effects

  nausea, vomiting
• Macrolides Interactions

  oral contraceptives
• Macrolides Nursing Implications

  usually 1x a day for three to five days, works days after last dose
• Tetracyclines

  demeclocycline, tetracycline, doxycycline
• Tetracyclines Use

  respiratory infection, skin infection, GI/GU infection, MRSA
• Tetracyclines Contraindication


  pregnant women, nursing moms because goes into milk, children under 8 yrs old
• Tetracyclines Adverse Effects

  tooth discoloring, photosensitivity