cell structure and transport

• Plant and Animal cells are called?

  Eukaryotic cells
• Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do.
• What does eukaryotic cells have?

  A cell wall a cytoplasm and genetic material enclosed in a nucleus
• Bacterial cells are called?

  prokaryotic cells
• Bacterial cells have a single loop of DNA, they have one or more small rings of DNA called Plasmids
• Are bacterial cells smaller or bigger in comparison to Eukaryotic cells?

  Smaller
• Algal cells have?

  A cell wall, made of cellulose. Which strengthens the cell
• Nucleus contains?

  Genetic material, this controls the activities of the cell
• Cytoplasm is where?

  Chemical processes take place and are controlled by enzymes
• Mitochondria contains?


  energy that is released by respiration
• Cell well?


  Strengthens the cell
• Chloroplasts contain?


  Chlorophyll which absorbs light for photosynthesis
• The permanent vacuole is?


  filled with cell sap to keep the cell turgid
• An electron microscope has a higher magnification and resolution than a light microscope
• Electron microscopes are used to study cells in finer detail, allowing biologists to understand/see the structure of the cell
• Nerve cells?


  Carry electrical impulses around the body of an animal, for rapid communication.
• Electron cells have long axons to carry information, and short dendrites to receive information.
• Synapses are adapted to pass impulse to another cell.
• Electron cells contains mitochondria to provide energy to make neurotransmitters
• Sperm cells contain?


  the genetic information of the male parent and move to reach the egg
• Sperm cells have an acrosome that contains enzymes for breaking through the egg.
• The middle section in sperm cells have mitochondria to transfer energy needed for the tail to work
• The long tail moves from side to side to help the cell move
• A large nucleus has genetic information. It has a streamlined shape
• Protein synthesis happens in?

  Ribosomes
• Muscle cells? 


  contract and relax to bring movement they store glycogen that can be used in respiration, It contains mitochondria to transfer energy needed to contract and relax
• ser be
• A palaside cell is?

  photosynthetic cell that carries out photosynthesis. It has a permanent vacuole to keep cells ridgid to keep the leaf the stem supported
• Palaside cells have chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll that absorbs light for layers in leaves and outer layers of the stem to absorb light
• Palaside cells has a regular shape so that cells can be packed closely together
• Root hair cells?


  Take up water and mineral ions from the soil
• Mitochondria is present in root hair cells to transfer energy for active transport for mineral ions
• In root hair cells a large permanent vacuole is present to speed up the movement of water by osmosis. It has a large surface.
• Phloem cells?


  Are cells that make up a tissue to transport food around the plant
• • Phloem CELL
  • The cells between the cells break down to form sieve plates
  • They have few supporting structures supported by companion cells
  • The Mitochondria of these cells provide energy to the other cell
• Xylem cells ?


  Cells that make up a tissue to transport water around the plants
• • Xylem cells
  • They have spirals and rings of lignin to make them very strong
  • The cells die and form long hollow tubes