Introduction to Organic Chemistry

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Created by
Christine Omokan

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Cards (80)

  • Saturated 

    A molecule with no carbon carbon double bond
  • Hydrocarbon 

    A molecule that only contains hydrogen and carbon atoms
  • Complete Combustion
    • Excess Oxygen
    • Hydrocarbon + Oxygen to Carbon Dioxide + Water
  • Incomplete Combustion
    • Lack of Oxygen
    • Hydrocarbon + Oxygen to Carbon Monoxide + Carbon + Water
  • Structural Isomer 

    Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formula
  • Types of Structural Isomerism - Chain Isomerism 

    Compound that has the same molecular formula but the longest hydrocarbon chain is different
  • Types of Structural Isomerism - Positional Isomerism 

    Difference in position of a functional group
  • Types of Structural Isomerism - Functional Group Isomerism 

    When different functional groups result in the same molecular formula
    • Will have different chemical properties
  • Sterioisomerism 

    Compounds that have the same atoms connected to each other however the atoms are arranged differently in space
  • E/Z Isomerism
    • Z isomers have the functional group on the same side
    • E isomers have the functional group on opposite sides
  • CIP Priority Rules
    1. Look at the atomic number on the first atom
    2. Higher atomic number = Higher priority
  • What is the functional group for an alkane?

    Contains only C-H and C-C single bonds e.g. CH₃CH₃ (ethane)
  • What is the functional group for an alkene?

    R-C=C-R e.g. H₂C=CH₂ (ethene)
  • What is the functional group for an alcohol?

    R-OH e.g. CH₃OH (methanol)
  • What is the functional group for an ether?

    R-O-R e.g. CH₃OCH₃ (dimethylether)
  • What is the functional group for an amine?

    R-C-N-R e.g. CH₃NH₂ (methylamine)
  • What is the functional group for an aldehyde?
    R-CH=O e.g. CH₃CH=O (ethanal)
  • What is the functional group for a ketone?
    R-CO-R e.g. CH₃COCH₃ (propanone)
  • What is the functional group for a carboxylic acid?
    RCOOH e.g. CH₃COOH (ethanoic acid)
  • What is the functional group for an ester?

    RCOOR' e.g. CH₃COOCH₃ (ethyl ethanoate)
  • What is the functional group for an amide?

    RCONR e.g. CH₃CONH₂ (ethanamide)
  • What is the functional group for a haloalkane?

    R-X e.g. CH₃CH₂Cl (chloroethane)
  • What is the functional group for a nitrile?
    R-C≡N e.g. CH₃CH₂CN (propanenitrile)
  • What is the functional group for an acyl chloride?

    RCOCl e.g. CH₃CH₂CH₂COCl (butanoyl chloride)