All Cells Arise From Other Cells

• What is a gene?

  A section of DNA that contains the coded information for making polypeptides and functional RNA.
• How many nucleotides bases code for one amino acid?

  3.
• How many different amino acids regularly occur in proteins?

  20.
• How many different DNA bases are there?

  4.
• How many different triplet codes can be made from the DNA nucleotide?

  64.
• What is meant by the term homologous pairs of chromosomes?

  Two chromosomes that contain the same genes at the same loci, one from the mother, and one from the father, but may have different alleles.
• What is meant by the term allele?

  An alternative form of a gene.
• What is meant by the term genome?

  The complete set of genes in a cell.
• What does RNA stand for?


  Ribonucleic acid.
• What is meant by the term proteome?


  The full range of proteins produced by the genome.
• What sugar is found in RNA?


  Ribose.
• What nitrogenous bases are found in RNA?


  Adenine, uracil, guanine, cytosine.
• Describe mRNA.


  A single strand of RNA containing the triplet codes for a specific polypeptide.
• Describe tRNA.


  A small strand of RNA that is cloverleaf shaped and can carry an amino acid.