GENERAL BIOLOGY 2 - QUIZ 2

• The chemical substances that are required to produce energy for growth and building are called nutrients.
• The element that is important to the photosynthesis processes. Carbon dioxide
• magnesium - It is essential for chlorophyll synthesis.
• molybdenum - Essential to plant health as it used to reduce nitrates into usable forms.
• Symbiosis of plants and fungi is common in some vascular plants.
• Detritivores - Heterotrophs that obtain nutrients from decaying bodies of plants and animals.
• macronutrients - These are the basic sources of energy for all animals.
• Example of organism that exhibits intracellular digestion.

  Protist, amoeba, and paramecium.
• Type of digestion that common in animals with gastrovascular cavity which digestive systems are incomplete. Extracellular digestion
• The act of eating or feeding; this is coupled with the mechanical breakdown of food into smaller pieces allowing for a greater surface area for chemical digestion. Ingestion
• Absorption in the small intestine is increased by this.
• An enzyme that helps soften the food and the teeth to break down the food into smaller pieces. Saliva amylase
• The rippling motion of muscles in the intestine or other tubular organs characterized by the alternate contraction and relaxation of the muscles that propel the contents onward. Peristaltic movement
• Its main function is to inactivate swallowed microorganisms to inhibit infectious agents from reaching the intestine. Gastric juice
• Small intestine - It is where the most enzymatic hydrolysis of the macromolecules from food occurs.
• Absorption of the end products of digestion takes place in the ileum, the surface area of which is increased by villi and microvilli. true
• The gallbladder aids the digestion process by producing bile.

  
  

  liver
• Complete digestion happens in the large intestine.

  
  

  small
• The stomach regulates the passage of food into the large intestine.

  
  

  small intestine
• Earthworms are bulk feeders.

  
  

  substrate
• Feeding Mechanisms of Animals

  • Substrate-feeders
  • Filter-feeders
  • Fluid-feeders
  • Bulk-feeder
• Substrate-feeders

  • Animals that live in or on their food source
  • Examples: Earthworms
• Filter-feeders

  • Include many aquatic animals that feed on food particles or strained small organisms from water.
  • Examples: Whales and Coelentrates
• Fluid-feeders

  • Suck fluids containing nutrients from a living host
  • Example: Mosquitoes
• Bulk-feeders

  • Eat relatively large chunks of food and have adaptations like jaws, teeth, tentacles, claws, pincers, etc. that help in securing the food and tearing it into pieces.
  • Examples: snakes, cats, and man