Physics test 2: Current electricity 12.1-12.2-12.3

• What is current electricity?

  The controlled flow of electrons through a conductor
• How is static electricity different from current electricity?

  static electricity is the build up of charges on a surface of an object while current electricity is when electrons flow from a single path in a controlled way unlike the random charges goin in random directions in static electrity.
• Give 2 examples of static electriticy?

  Rubbing socks on the carpet.
• Giving 2 examples of current electricity?

  The electric charge through the charger and into the battery of a phone.

  Light bulb when turned on current flows through the filament , which heats due to resistance, cuasing it to emit light.
• Why is it dangerous to touch a conducting wire with electricity flowing through it?

  Due to human skin beign a fair conductor its dangerous to touch becuase it can cuase a shock to the body due to overflow of electrons into it to quickly.
• Explain why both conductors and insulators are both required to construct the electrical wiring in your home?


  Conductors like copper wires carry electricity from its source to different devices in your home, while insulators like plastic coatings prevent the electricity from escaping or causing harm. Both work together to make your electrical system safe and functional.
• List two sources that allow electrons to flow in a conductor?

  Battery and walloutlet
• Why would it be challenging to use static electricity in electrical devices, such as your television or sterieo? explain.

  Static electricity tends to build up in one place and doesn't flow easily like the electricity used in TVs or stereos. Devices need electricity to flow continuously to work properly,
• What is an electric circuit?


  Continous path for electron flow.
• What are 4 component of a simple circuit?

  Energy source(batter), A load( Convert energy into other types of energy),Conducting wires( to connect all the parts) and a switch( controls the flow of electrons through opening or closing the circuit)
• Give an example of a energy source in a simple circuit?

  A small portable battery, energy generating station(walloutlet)
• Give three examples of loads in a simple circuit.

  Computers

  Heaters

  Bulbs
• What are conducting wires?

  Join all parts of the circuit together to provide a way for the electrons to flow from one component to another.
• What are conducting wires usually made up of?

  Insulated copper and aluminum wires
• What does a switch do in a simple circuit?

  Controls the flow electrons by opening or closing the circuit.
• What happens to the circuit when the switch is on?

  Provide a complete path for the flow of electrons continously
• What happens when the switch is off?

  The electric circuit is open and the path for electrons in incomplete. no electric current.
• What is electrical energy?


  Energy provided by the flow of electron in an electric circuit.
• What are two main sources of electrical energy?

  Batteries( Supply small amount of electric energy).

  Electric generating stations( deliver large amounts)
• How do electric generating station get energy into your home?

  Deliver large amount of electric energy through tick metal wires called transmission line in your home.
• What is an electric cell?

  A portable device(batter) the converts chemical energy into electric energy.
• What is a common word for electric cell?


  Battery
• What is an electrolyte?

  An electrolyte is a electric cell that consist of two electrodes in a conducting solution.
• What charge does an electrode have?


  One electrode can have a negative charge while the other has a positive charge.
• How do electrons flow between each electrode?

  When the ends of electrodes are joined together by conducting wires of the circuit, electrons begin to flow from one electrode to another.
• In which direction do electrons flow?


  Negative pole to positive pole. in other words . The electrons in the electrolyte are repelled by the negative electrode and attracted to the positive electrode.
• What is a Primary cell?

  Electric cells that can not be Recharge becuase the chemical reactions produced are not reversible. Hence the cell can only be used once.
• Examples of primary cells?


  Zince cell,chloride cells, alkali cells and lithium cells.
• What is a secondary cell? 


  Cells that can be recharged and reused many times before recyling.
• Examples of secondary cells.


  Lead-acid batteries(in cars)

  Nickel metal hydride(NIMH)
• Why do electric cell need t be properly recycled?


  Electric cells contain chemicals that highly toxic to the enviroment sdo its cruicial to recycle the proper way to prevent toxins to disperse.
• What is a fuel cell?

  Cell through which a continous supply of chemicals pump as the cell operates.
• How does hydrogen fuel cell work?

  It produces electrical energy by converting hydrogen and oxygen into water. The fuel (hydrogen and oxygen) react to produce electrical energy.
• what are fuel cell vehicles and how do they work?


  propelled by electric motors that obtain energy from fuel cells, rather than burning gas. The fuel cells extract electricity from hydrogen fuel quietly and efficiently. These vehicles are becoming increasingly popular because they produce no tailpipe emissions.
• Why are fuel cells actually harmful to enviroments?

  Fuel cells depend largely on the source of the hydrogen cell to power them. If hydrogen is derived from fossil fuels since it doesnt naturally occur as an element then the process of extracting and refininf the hydrogen can generate green house gas emissions. air pollution and contribute to climate change.