Instrumental

• Chromatography


  Separation technique in which a mobile phase carrying a mixture moves in contact with a selectively absorbant stationary phase
• Paper Chromatography


  1. Stationary phase: Chromatography paper

  2. Mobile phase: water (or solvent)

  3. Use: separate dye in ink
• Thin layer Chromatography


  1. Stationary phase: silica gel plates

  2. Mobile phase: methanol

  3. Use: test drug purity
• Column Chromatography


  1. Stationary phase: silica gel plates

  2. Mobile phase: water/ethanol

  3. Use: separate dyes in food colouring
• Gas Chromatography (GC)


  1. Stationary phase: silica gel

  2. Mobile phase: inert carrier gas (N2)

  3. Use: drug testing on athletes
• High performance liquid Chromatography (HPLC)


  1. Stationary phase: coated silica gel

  2. Mobile phase: ethanol under pressure

  3. Use: test for vitamins in food