housing

• In Metro Manila alone, there are about 3,100,000 informal settlers; 23% in government land, 22% in private properties
• Housing problems and social issues

  • Money
  • Availability of land
• Other issues hampering pro-poor land and housing programs

  • High transaction costs due to the confusing and unclear land use policies
  • Non-cooperation of landowners to engage in the Community Mortgage Program (CMP)
  • Misinterpretation and/ or non-implementation of local government units (LGUs)
  • Provision of land and housing to internally displaced persons (IDPs) due to natural hazard and armed conflicts
• Addressing this backlog will roughly require about 3,000 hectares of land if designed to accommodate detached housing units
• Street homeless


  Part of the squatter homeless
• Housing affordability and delivery strategy

  • Lack of affordability
  • Provides employment and income to households
  • Lowering the cost of land and housing production
• National Shelter Program (NSP) major schemes


  • Direct Housing: housing production, community programs, developmental loans
  • Indirect Housing: home mortgages, guarantees
• Legal basis

  • Executive Order No. 90 (1986) created the Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council (HUDCC)
  • Republic Act No. 7279 (1992) mandated HUDCC to formulate a national Urban Development & Housing (UDH) framework
  • Republic Act No. 7835 (1992) empowered HUDCC to determine the loanable amounts for socialized/low-cost housing
  • Executive Order No. 153 (2002) directed HUDCC to identify, curtail, and monitor professional squatters and squatting syndicates
  • Memorandum Order No. 102 (2003) mandated HUDCC to oversee and fast track housing projects in proclaimed housing sites
  • Executive Order No. 577 (2006) placed the Urban Asset Reform Project Management Office under HUDCC
• Housing categories under HUDCC

  • Socialized Housing: P300,000 or lower, 30-50 sqm lot, 18-30 sqm floor area
  • Low-Cost Level 1: P300,000 to P1,250,000, 50-100 sqm lot, 35-55 sqm floor area
  • Low-Cost Level 2: P1,250,000 to P3,000,000, 100-150 sqm lot, 80-120 sqm floor area
  • Medium Cost: P3,000,000 to P4,000,000, minimum 50-100 sqm lot, minimum 30 sqm floor area
  • Open Market: P4,000,000 and above, minimum 60-120 sqm lot, minimum 42 sqm floor area
• National Housing Authority (NHA)


  • Development and implementation of a comprehensive and integrated program: Housing Development, Relocation and Resettlement, Community Empowerment, Asset Development and Management
  • Enabling LGUs, civil society organizations, private sectors and participating stakeholders to improve capabilities for housing development and delivery
• NHA Regular Programs

  • Resettlement Program
  • Regional Resettlement Program
  • Housing Assistance for Calamity Victims
  • Settlements Upgrading
  • Multi-level Housing
  • Housing for Low-Income Formal Sector
  • Community-Based Housing Programs
  • Housing for Indigenous Peoples
  • Technical Assistance
• NHA Housing Programs for Informal Settler Families Residing in Danger Areas in Metro Manila

  • Involves relocation and resettlement of families residing in or along danger areas in Metro Manila particularly those along waterways such as creeks, rivers and esteros
  • Undertaken mainly through in-city multi-storey housing development utilizing government owned land
  • Off-city Resettlement where in-city projects are not feasible
  • Also covers implementation of alternative in-city project schemes proposed by program stakeholders (e.g. CSOs/LGUs)
  • Funded out of the Php50.0 Billion fund released for said purpose
• AFP/PNP Housing Program


  • A 5-year program intended to provide permanent housing facilities for low-income military and police personnel
  • A flagship project of the President of the Philippines for the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), Philippine National Police (PNP), Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP), and the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) personnel
• NHA Types of Service Delivery

  • Direct Delivery
  • Community-Initiative Approach (CIA)
  • Joint Venture
  • Technical Assistance
• Government housing and its delivery system

  • National Housing Authority (NHA)
  • Human Settlements Development Corporation (HSDC)
  • Human Settlements Regulatory Commission (HSRC)
  • National Pollution Control Commission (NPCC)
  • National Environmental Planning Council (NEPC)
  • Housing Finance Corporation (HFC)
  • National Home Mortgage Finance Corporation (NHMFC)
  • Home Development Mutual Fund (HDMF)
• Factors affecting housing needs

  • Climate
  • Location
  • Cost
  • Taste
  • Lifestyle
• The first step in buying a home is knowing what type of housing suits your needs
• Housing needs vary according to family life stages, or your perception of what you need in a house
• Climate


  Can vary from warm to cold, and from dry to humid. Climatic factors must be considered in choosing the right home for maximum appreciation of comfort and economical impact.
• Location


  The specific placement of a home. Location greatly affects the household as its vicinity and proximity to access basic goods and commodities must be considered.
• Cost


  Cost is a crucial factor in housing needs for almost everyone. It is a great factor in choosing the right home for everyone, as this has a big impact in the long term.
• Taste


  The sense of what is fitting, harmonious or beautiful. This is more of a personal factor as this is based on one's prerogative on his/her preferences and choices.
• Lifestyle


  When selecting a home, one needs to consider the lifestyle of each family member. In relation to the lifestyle of each occupant, we must also consider necessary adjustments before investing in certain properties.
• Housing problems in the Philippines


  • Migration of people from rural areas to urban areas
  • Robust population growth
  • Poverty
  • Unemployment
  • Industrialization
  • Minimum Wage
  • Living Conditions
• What are the common problems of each Filipino that hinders majority of the population to acquire a decent house?
• Government housing agencies


  • National Housing Authority (NHA)
  • Human Settlements Development Corporation (HSDC)
  • Human Settlements Regulatory Commission (HSRC)
  • National Pollution Control Commission (NPCC)
  • National Environmental Planning Council (NEPC)
  • Housing Finance Corporation (HFC)
  • National Home Mortgage Finance Corporation (NHMFC)
  • Home Development Mutual Fund (HDMF)
• Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council (HUDCC)


  Created through Executive Order No. 90, this agency is the highest policy making and coordinating office on shelter. It is an umbrella organization which consists of heads of four housing agencies.
• National Housing Authority (NHA)


  A government-owned and controlled corporation operating under the policy and administrative supervision of the HUDCC. The sole government agency to engage in shelter production, focusing its efforts to provide to homeless, low-income Filipino Families.
• Home Development Mutual Fund (HDMF)


  Commonly known as PAG-IBIG Fund (Pagtutulungan sa Kinabukasan: Ikaw, Bangko, Industriya at Gobyerno). To provide its members with adequate housing through an effective savings scheme. This agency harnesses these four sectors of Philippine Society: Financial institutions, Industrial Sector, the Government and the Filipino People. This was created to address two of the nation's basic concerns: The generation of savings and providing shelter for Filipino workers.
• Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB)


  A National Government Agency tasked as the planning, regulatory and quasi-judicial body for land use development and real estate, and housing regulation. These roles are done via a triad of strategies, namely, policy development, planning, and regulation.
• Home Guaranty Corporation (HGC)


  A government-owned and controlled corporation mandated by law (RA 8763) to promote sustainable home ownership by providing risk coverage or Guarantees and tax/fiscal incentives to banks and financial institutions/investors granting housing development loans or credits, and home financing. This agency focuses on promoting home ownership to middle and low-income families.
• National Home Mortgage Finance Corporation (NHMFC)


  Mandate of increasing the availability of affordable housing loans to finance the Filipino homebuyer through acquisition of housing units through the development and operation of a secondary market for home mortgages.
• Social Housing Finance Corporation (SHFC)


  Mandated to undertake social housing programs that will cater to the formal and informal sectors in the low-income bracket. Mandated to take charge of developing and administering programs, particularly the Community Mortgage Program (CMP) and the Abot-Kaya Pabahay Fund (AKPF) Program.
• Typology


  Within a given field, systematic classification of types according to their characteristics
• Characteristics used to categorize housing typologies

  • Scale
  • Structural Shell
  • Materials
  • Ratio to Land/ Density
  • Mode of Occupancy
  • Layout/ Relationship to open spaces
  • Prices
  • Interior spaces
  • Dominant or sub-uses

  
• Cultural beliefs in housing (regional characteristics)


  The experience Filipino Architect is familiar with the common folk beliefs and usually follow them or applies these age-old guidelines in the planning of one's dream house
• Many of these beliefs are based on sound planning practices that do not have to be overly emphasized
• Orientation towards the east


  • It is more advantageous if two faces of the house take in the morning sun
  • This can be achieved if a corner of the house face east
  • Most educated Filipinos believe the more window your residence has (larger) the better the chances of your house absorbing natural and spiritual graces
• East direction


  • Connected to the area of the feng shui called Zhen, which represents new beginnings and family
  • Has the energy of the wood element and springtime, like a fresh blade of grass emerging from the soil
• Bontoc


  • The front door of the house must face against the flow of a nearby river according to ancient folk belief