Module 4 (year 11 biology)

• Abiotic


  Non living parts of the environment that affects the distribution of organisms
• Biotic


  Living interactions in the environment that affect the distribution of organisms
• Abiotic factors examples


  (1). air

  (2). water

  (3). sunlight

  (4). soil

  (5). temperature

  (6). climate
• Biotic factor examples


  Predator

  Competition

  Parasitic
• Speciation


  Is the formational of new species from a pre-existing species
• sympatric speciation


  Exists in the same geographic location however have different behaviors
• allopatric speciation


  When two populations of species become isolated from one another due to geographic change
• Technologies used to study the age of past eco systems

  - Radiometric

  - Ice cores

  - Gas analysis
• Population


  is a group of one species living in a particular place at a particular time
• Community


  A group of species living together in a particular place at a particular time
• Distribution


  Refers to the region where an organism is found
• Abundance


  Is the number of individuals in the area
• symbiotic relationship


  When two species share the same space and/or food supply. Interactions between two or more different species in which they live together
• Biodiversity


  The variety of plant and animal life in the world or in a particular habitat, a high level of which is usually considered to be important and desirable.
• ecological niche


  A specific region that an organism takes within an ecosystem in response to abiotic and biotic factors
• fundamental niche


  the one an organisms would occupy if there were no competitors
• Realised niche


  the actual conditions and resources in which a species exists due to biotic interactions.
• Heterotroph


  An organism that is unable it make its own food and depends on organic compounds from other organisms
• Saprotroph


  An organisms that lives on dead matter and uses it as a source of food by secreting digestive enzymes to break down the matter
• Trophic leves


  A feeding level or step in the energy flow of the food chain. Producers are first trophic level, primary are second.
• Food chain


  A food relationship in a ecosystem in which energy is passed from producer to consumer
• common ancestor


  The shared ancestor of new, different species that arose from one population