TCW

• Media globalization


  How most national media systems have become more internationalized, becoming more open to outside influences, both in their content and in their ownership and control
• Five Time Periods in the Study of Globalization and Media

  • Oral Communication
  • Script
  • The Printing Press
  • Electronic Media
  • Digital Media
• Oral Communication

  Human speech is the oldest and most enduring form of media, languages as a means to develop the ability to communicate across cultures are the lifeline of globalization
• Script

  Writing is humankind's principal technology for collecting, manipulating, retrieving, storing
• The Printing Press


  A device that allows for the mass production of uniform printed matter, mainly text in the form of books, pamphlets and newspapers
• Electronic Media


  Broadcast or storage media that take advantage of electronic technology
• Digital Media


  Phones and television are now considered digital while computer is considered the most important media influencing globalization
• Popular Music and Globalization


  Explains the global dimension of globalization
• World Music

  The umbrella category for various types of traditional and non-Western music produced for Western consumption
• Globalization of Religion


  Globalization implicates religions in several ways, it calls forth religious response and interpretation, religions played important roles in bringing about and characterizing Globalization
• Religion


  An agent of social control and thus strengthens social order
• Perspectives on the Role of Religion in the Globalization Process

  • Modernist Perspective
  • Post-Modernist Perspective
  • Pre-Modernist Perspective
• Modernist Perspective


  The view that all secularizations would eventually look alike and the different religions would all end up as the same secular and "rational" philosophy
• Post-Modernist Perspective


  Rejects the Enlightenment, modernist values of rationalism, empiricism, and science, along with the Enlightenment, modernist structures of capitalism, bureaucracy, and even liberalism, the core value is expressive individualism, can include "spiritual experiences" but only those without religious constraints, largely hyper-secularism and predicts the disappearance of traditional religions
• Pre-Modernist Perspective


  Best represented and articulated by the Roman Catholic Church, especially by Pope John Paul II
• Secularism


  The separation of religion from civil affairs and the state
• Secularization


  A shift in the overall frameworks of human condition, makes it possible for people to have a choice between belief and non-belief in a manner hitherto unknown, a multilayered concept that generally denotes "transition from a religious to a more worldly level"
• Period of Enlightenment

  A movement of the 18th century that stressed the belief that science and logic give people more knowledge and understanding than tradition and religion
• Transnational religion


  A means of describing solutions to new-found situations that people face as a result of migration, comes as two quite distinct blends of religious universalism and local particularism, used to describe cases of institutional transnationalism whereby communities living outside the national territory of particular states maintain religious attachments to their home churches or institutional
• Forms of Globalization


  • Indigenization
  • Vernacularization
  • Nationalization
  • Transnationalization
• Indigenization

  Connected with the specific faiths with ethnic groups whereby religion and culture were often fused into a single unit, connected to the survival of particular ethnic groups
• Vernacularization


  Involved the rise of vernacular language endowed with the symbolic ability of offering privileged access to the sacred and often promoted by empires
• Nationalization


  Connected the consolidation of specific nations with particular confessions and has been a popular strategy both in Western and Eastern Europe
• Transnationalization


  Complemented religious nationalization by forcing groups to identify with specific religious traditions of real or imagine national homelands or to adopt a more universalist vision of religion
• Pluralism


  Attitude or policy regarding the diversity of religious belief systems co-existing in society
• Demography


  The study of populations with reference to size density, fertility, morality, age distribution, migration and vital statistics and the interaction of all these with social & economic conditions
• Theory of Demographic Transition


  Suggests that future population growth will develop along a predictable four or five-stage model
• Stages of Demographic Transition


  • Stage 1: Death rates & birth rates are high & roughly in balance, population growth is typically very slow
  • Stage 2: Death rates drop rapidly due to improvements in food supply and sanitation
  • Stage 3: Birth rates fall
  • Stage 4: Both low birth rates & low death rates, high obesity increases
  • Stage 5: Advance demographic stage, very low birth rates and death rates
• Migration


  Move from an origin to destination or from a place of birth to another
• Types of Migration


  • Internal Migration
  • International Migration
• International Migration


  • Immigrants who move permanently to another country
  • Workers who stay in another country for fixed period
  • Legal immigrants
  • Immigrants whose families have "petitioned" them to move to the destination country
  • Refugees (asylum-seekers)
• Reasons for Migration

  • Pull factor - move into a new location
  • Push factor - move out of their present location
• Factors Affecting Global Movement


  • Cultural factor
  • Socio-political Factor
  • Environmental factor
  • Economic Factor
• Sustainable Development

  Meets the need of the present without compromising the ability of future generations
• World's Leading Environmental Problems


  • Depredation caused by industrial and transportation toxins & plastic in the ground
  • Changes in global weather patterns
  • Overpopulation
  • Exhaustion of the world's natural non-renewable resources
  • Waste disposal catastrophe due to excessive amount of waste
  • Destruction of million-year-old ecosystems & the loss of biodiversity
  • Reduction of oxygen and increase in carbon dioxide
  • Depletion of ozone layer
  • Deadly acid rain as result of fossil fuel combustion
  • Water pollution
  • Urban sprawls
  • Pandemics and threats to public health
  • A radical alteration of food systems
• Four Dimensions of Food Security


  • Food Access
  • Food Use
  • Availability
  • Stability
• Global Citizenship


  The idea that, as people, we are all citizens of the globe who have an equal responsibility for what happens on, and to our world
• Salient Features of Global Citizenship


  • Global citizenship as a choice and a way of thinking
  • Global citizenship as self-awareness and awareness of others
  • Global citizenship as the practice of cultural empathy
  • Global citizenship as the cultivation of principled decision making
  • Global citizenship as participation in the social and political life of one's community
• Approaches to Global Economic Resistance


  • Trade protectionism
  • Fair trade
  • Helping the bottom billion
• It is not innate, it is learner


  Culture