Module 2: Celestial Observations of Ancient Astronomers

• astronomical phenomenas

  • phases of the moon

  • occurrence of eclipses

  • motion of planets

  • changing positions of the constellations

  • appearance of comets
• moon entire phase cycle

  29.5 days
• 8 major phases of the moon (in order)

  • new moon

  • waxing crescent

  • first quarter

  • waxing gibbous

  • full moon

  • waning gibbous

  • third quarter

  • waning crescent
• if less than half of the eliminated portion of the moon is visible (gamay ang illuminated)

  crescent
• one more than half of the illuminated portion of it is visible (dako ang illuminated)

  gibbous
• derived from the word moon

  month
• when the moon passes between the earth and the sun

  solar eclipse
• when the earth passes between the moon and the sun

  lunar eclipse
• when 1 celestial body like a moon our planet passes into the shadow of another celestial body

  eclipse
• a greek astronomer was able to estimate the distance of the moon and sun from the earth by observing a lunar eclipse

  aristarchus
• planetes mean wanderers
• five objects appearing to be points of light that move relative to the other stars

  planetes
• a planet move backwards on its path across the sky

  retrograde motion
• an imaginary line in the sky that marks the annual path of the sun

  ecliptic
• who propose the heliocentric model

  nicolaus copernicus
• patterns of stars in the night sky that change from season to season

  constellations
• are smaller celestial bodies that also revolve around the sun

  comets
• components of a comet

  dust, rock, frozen gas
• used by seafarers to safely across the ocean a new can spot the northern star or polaris

  ursa major
• the brightest planet

  venus
• are the basis of creating ancient calendar

  phases of the moon